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The prime object of this book is to put into the hands of research workers, and especially of biologists, the means of applying statistical tests accurately to numerical data accumulated in their own laboratories or avai...

Preface. Introduction. Data Sets. Tests of Statistical Significance of Combined Results. Vote-Counting Methods. Estimation of a Single Effect Size: Parametric and Nonparametric Methods. Parametric Estimation of Effect Si...

Statistical Power Analysis is a nontechnical guide to power analysis in research planning that provides users of applied statistics with the tools they need for more effective analysis. The Second Edition includes: * a c...

Preface.PART I: OVERVIEW AND BASIC APPROACHES.Introduction.Missing Data in Experiments.Complete-Case and Available-Case Analysis, Including Weighting Methods.Single Imputation Methods.Estimation of Imputation Uncertainty...

A Monte Carlo study compared 14 methods to test the statistical significance of the intervening variable effect. An intervening variable (mediator) transmits the effect of an independent variable to a dependent variable....

Many problems of recent interest in statistics and machine learning can be posed in the framework of convex optimization. Due to the explosion in size and complexity of modern datasets, it is increasingly important to be...

Algebra of Vectors and Matrices. Probability Theory, Tools and Techniques. Continuous Probability Models. The Theory of Least Squares and Analysis of Variance. Criteria and Methods of Estimation. Large Sample Theory and ...

This article provides researchers with a guide to properly construe and conduct analyses of conditional indirect effects, commonly known as moderated mediation effects. We disentangle conflicting definitions of moderated...

Materias / palabras clave: Statistical power; Power (physics); Computer science; Statistical analysis; Power analysis; Extension (predicate logic); Statistical hypothesis testing; Test (biology); Statistics; Programming language; Mathematics; Comp...

Materias / palabras clave: Nonparametric statistics; Statistical hypothesis testing; Null hypothesis; Test statistic; Computer science; Statistic; Statistical power; Null (SQL); Sensitivity (control systems); Statistics; Statistical model; Artific...

Non-biological experimental variation or "batch effects" are commonly observed across multiple batches of microarray experiments, often rendering the task of combining data from these batches difficult. The ability to co...

Collinearity refers to the non independence of predictor variables, usually in a regression‐type analysis. It is a common feature of any descriptive ecological data set and can be a problem for parameter estimation bec...

Many problems of recent interest in statistics and machine learning can be posed in the framework of convex optimization. Due to the explosion in size and complexity of modern datasets, it is increasingly important to be...

(NOTE: Each chapter begins with an Introduction, and concludes with Exercises and References.) I. GETTING STARTED. 1. Aspects of Multivariate Analysis. Applications of Multivariate Techniques. The Organization of Data. D...

Comparative studies of the relationship between two phenotypes, or between a phenotype and an environment, are frequently carried out by invalid statistical methods. Most regression, correlation, and contingency table me...

Agreement between two methods of clinical measurement can be quantified using the differences between observations made using the two methods on the same subjects. The 95% limits of agreement, estimated by mean differenc...

If radiocarbon measurements are to be used at all for chronological purposes, we have to use statistical methods for calibration. The most widely used method of calibration can be seen as a simple application of Bayesian...

Factor analysis, path analysis, structural equation modeling, and related multivariate statistical methods are based on maximum likelihood or generalized least squares estimation developed for covariance structure models...

Mediation is said to occur when a causal effect of some variable X on an outcome Y is explained by some intervening variable M. The authors recommend that with small to moderate samples, bootstrap methods (B. Efron & R. ...

There is a deep and useful connection between statistical mechanics (the behavior of systems with many degrees of freedom in thermal equilibrium at a finite temperature) and multivariate or combinatorial optimization (fi...

Probability Theory. Statistical Inference. Some Tests Based on the Binomial Distribution. Contingency Tables. Some Methods Based on Ranks. Statistics of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Type. References. Appendix Tables. Answers t...

Statistical guidelines and expert statements are now available to assist in the analysis and reporting of studies in some biomedical disciplines. We present here a more progressive resource for sample-based studies, meta...

A diagram has been devised that can provide a concise statistical summary of how well patterns match each other in terms of their correlation, their root‐mean‐square difference, and the ratio of their variances. Alth...

Summary 1. Here, I present a new, multifunctional phylogenetics package, phytools, for the R statistical computing environment. 2. The focus of the package is on methods for phylogenetic comparative biology; however, it ...