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A variety of key events in apoptosis focus on mitochondria, including the release of caspase activators (such as cytochrome c), changes in electron transport, loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, altered cellul...

Materias / palabras clave: mitochondria-organelle interactions, mitochondria-nuclear crosstalk, mitochondrial disease, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial physiology, mitochondrial genetics; Science: Biology (General); Medicine

Examining the pattern of nucleotide substitution for the control region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in humans and chimpanzees, we developed a new mathematical method for estimating the number of transitional and transve...

Materias / palabras clave: Molecular clock; Biology; Mitochondrial DNA; Evolutionary biology; Sequence (biology); Gorilla; Hominidae; Divergence (linguistics); Zoology; Paleontology; Ancient DNA; Biological evolution

Materias / palabras clave: Mitochondrial DNA; Gene; Genetics; Polyadenylation; Biology; Cytochrome c oxidase; Genome; Base pair; Stop codon; Sequence (biology); Coding region; Transfer RNA

We present here a framework for the study of molecular variation within a single species. Information on DNA haplotype divergence is incorporated into an analysis of variance format, derived from a matrix of squared-dist...

Although much biological research depends upon species diagnoses, taxonomic expertise is collapsing. We are convinced that the sole prospect for a sustainable identification capability lies in the construction of systems...

At high concentrations, free radicals and radical-derived, nonradical reactive species are hazardous for living organisms and damage all major cellular constituents. At moderate concentrations, however, nitric oxide (NO)...

A mathematical model for the evolutionary change of restriction sites in mitochondrial DNA is developed. Formulas based on this model are presented for estimating the number of nucleotide substitutions between two popula...

Reconstructing phylogenies from intraspecific data (such as human mitochondrial DNA variation) is often a challenging task because of large sample sizes and small genetic distances between individuals. The resulting mult...

A method is presented for the rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA (50,000 base pairs or more in length) which is free of contaminants which interfere with complete digestion by restriction endonucleases. T...

We introduce a method for optically imaging intracellular proteins at nanometer spatial resolution. Numerous sparse subsets of photoactivatable fluorescent protein molecules were activated, localized (to approximately 2 ...

The use of some multiple-sequence alignments in phylogenetic analysis, particularly those that are not very well conserved, requires the elimination of poorly aligned positions and divergent regions, since they may not b...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The components of cigarette smoke (CS) have been implicated in the development of cancer as well as in cardiopulmonary diseases. We have previously reported increased oxidative stress in rat tissues indu...

Phylogenies are extremely useful tools, not only for establishing genealogical relationships among a group of organisms or their parts (e.g. genes), but also for a variety of research once the phylogenies are estimated. ...