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It has been recognized for some time that the spontaneous emission by atoms is not necessarily a fixed and immutable property of the coupling between matter and space, but that it can be controlled by modification of the...

Materias / palabras clave: Nonlinear optics; Optics; Optical fiber; Brillouin scattering; Nonlinear system; Fiber; Fiber laser; Photonic-crystal fiber; Physics; Laser; Materials science; Composite material

Principles of Optics is one of the classic science books of the twentieth century, and probably the most influential book in optics published in the past 40 years. The new edition is the first ever thoroughly revised and...

Materias / palabras clave: Surface plasmon; Photonics; Plasmon; Optics; Nanophotonics; Localized surface plasmon; Optoelectronics; Surface plasmon polariton; Materials science; Surface (topology); Photonic crystal; Physics

MolProbity is a structure-validation web service that provides broad-spectrum solidly based evaluation of model quality at both the global and local levels for both proteins and nucleic acids. It relies heavily on the po...

Phaser is a program for phasing macromolecular crystal structures by both molecular replacement and experimental phasing methods. The novel phasing algorithms implemented in Phaser have been developed using maximum likel...

Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles. Treating absorption and scattering in equal measure, this self-contained, interdisciplinary study examines and illustrates how small particles absorb and scatter lig...

1. Properties of X-rays. 2. Geometry of Crystals. 3. Diffraction I: Directions of Diffracted Beams. 4. Diffraction II: Intensities of Diffracted Beams. 5. Diffraction III: Non-Ideal Samples. 6. Laure Photographs. 7. Powd...

We present experimental scattering data at microwave frequencies on a structured metamaterial that exhibits a frequency band where the effective index of refraction (n) is negative. The material consists of a two-dimensi...

Introduction Focus Groups as Qualitative Method The Uses of Focus Groups Planning and Research Design for Focus Groups Conducting and Analyzing Focus Groups Additional Possibilities Conclusions

Conventional optical components rely on gradual phase shifts accumulated during light propagation to shape light beams. New degrees of freedom are attained by introducing abrupt phase changes over the scale of the wavele...

Materias / palabras clave: Electron microscope; Cryo-electron microscopy; Microscopy; Anisotropy; Materials science; Motion (physics); Optics; Electron; Biophysics; Physics; Nanotechnology; Nuclear magnetic resonance

A technique called optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been developed for noninvasive cross-sectional imaging in biological systems. OCT uses low-coherence interferometry to produce a two-dimensional image of optical ...

The optical constants $n$ and $k$ were obtained for the noble metals (copper, silver, and gold) from reflection and transmission measurements on vacuum-evaporated thin films at room temperature, in the spectral range 0.5...

Materias / palabras clave: Plasmon; Photonics; Limit (mathematics); Diffraction; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Physics; Optics; Materials science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis

Materias / palabras clave: Fluorescence spectroscopy; Spectroscopy; Fluorescence; Materials science; Physics; Optics; Astronomy

Radiation resistant camera system was constructed for monitoring deuterium plasma discharges in the Large Helical Device (LHD). This system has contributed to safe operation during two experimental campaigns without seri...

Graphene is the two-dimensional building block for carbon allotropes of every other dimensionality. We show that its electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers. ...

Materias / palabras clave: Neutron diffraction; Magnetic structure; Diffraction; Neutron scattering; Powder diffraction; Materials science; Computational physics; Physics; Scattering; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Optics; Magnetic field

Semiconductor nanocrystals were prepared for use as fluorescent probes in biological staining and diagnostics. Compared with conventional fluorophores, the nanocrystals have a narrow, tunable, symmetric emission spectrum...

Materias / palabras clave: Mathematics; Linear operators; Characterization (materials science); Pure mathematics; Operator theory; Algebra over a field; Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Optics; Bounded function

A method is given for generating sets of special points in the Brillouin zone which provides an efficient means of integrating periodic functions of the wave vector. The integration can be over the entire Brillouin zone ...

We report the measurement of the thermal conductivity of a suspended single-layer graphene. The room temperature values of the thermal conductivity in the range approximately (4.84+/-0.44)x10(3) to (5.30+/-0.48)x10(3) W/...

Materias / palabras clave: Materials science; Aluminium; Line (geometry); Spectral line; Optics; Mineralogy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physics; Chemistry; Geometry; Metallurgy; Mathematics