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Abstract Background Adaptive designs (ADs) are increasingly used, whereby outcome data accumulated during the trial may inform a trial’s course in accordance with pre-specified rules at interim analyses. The benefits h...

Abstract Background The internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation in the decubitus position is required in some urgent and special clinical situations, increasing the difficulty of performance. Although ultrasound guidance...

Abstract Background Recruitment and retention remain persistent challenges in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical trials, particularly as studies increasingly focus on earlier disease stages and require longer participat...

Oropharyngeal infection has long been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), specifically valvular disease and endocarditis. However, the relationship between periodontal disease (PD), with associated infection an...

Abstract Background Evidence on recruitment strategies for Veterans Health Administration (VA) pragmatic clinical trials (PCTs) is scarce. This study compares multiple approaches and evaluates engagement, efficiency, and...

Abstract Background Chronic idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis (CILPR) is a common inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology affecting the nasal cavity of dogs. The diagnosis is made by exclusion of other causes of na...

Abstract Background The European Reference Network for rare Inherited and Congenital Anomalies (ERNICA) aims to improve care for patients with rare and complex digestive and gastrointestinal diseases across Europe throug...

Abstract Background Sorafenib has served as standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have explored the use of programmed cell death protein 1/p...

Abstract Background Epidemiological data consistently associate low vitamin D status with elevated cardiovascular risk, yet causal mechanisms remain contested. Methods This review synthesized evidence through a protocol-...

Abstract Background Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are often considered the gold standard in research design to determine clinical and cost-effectiveness, and yet the majority are not considered “informative” or...

Abstract Background Depression is a public health problem and common amongst adolescents. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is widely used to treat adolescent depression but existing research does not provide clear con...

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults that fails to meet survival endpoint criteria in current immunotherapy Phase III clinical trials. As a small subset of immunotherapy-responsive...

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the main components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors. They have several functions, which all contribute to tumor growth and immune evasion. CAF presence ...

Objective: To systematically review and compare postoperative pain levels following NSET using calcium silicate-based sealers versus traditional sealers. Material and Methods: This systematic review adhered to PRISMA 202...

Background. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance, leading to persistent hyperglycemia and multiple complications. Despite advances in pharmacot...

Background. Deciding whether to participate in a radiotherapy trial is complex for patients with head and neck cancer. Standard patient information leaflets meet ethical requirements but do not provide balanced compariso...

Introduction: Extended reality (XR), an umbrella term encompassing virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality, is increasingly being explored to address educational, procedural, and psychosocial challenges in ...

Background: Octocog alfa and rurioctocog alfa pegol have demonstrated efficacy in the prevention and management of bleeding associated with hemophilia A (HA) in clinical trials. The German AHEAD study (DRKS00000556) was ...

Iman Owliaee,1 Ali Teimoori,1 Mohammad Shoushtari,2 Ali Shojaeian3 1Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; 2Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute o...

Abstract Objective To compare outcomes in patients with repeated implantation failure undergoing Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection/In vitro fertilization (IVF/ICSI) plus immunosuppressants such as prednisolone, predniso...

Abstract Background: Colonoscopy is an essential procedure that allows screening for colorectal cancer and other lower bowel diseases. However, the procedure itself poses the risk of inducing bleeding and perforation tha...

Abstract Purpose Accurate measurement is essential for tracking changes in clinical outcomes. Individuals with Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) exhibit challenging and unique food-related behaviors. We sought to determine th...

ObjectiveTo systematically map the evolution, academic network structure, and emergent research fronts of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) applications in prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDoC) through b...

BackgroundMacrophage polarization plays a critical role in shaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of prostate cancer (PCa). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), particularly those exhibiting immunoreg...