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Abstract Background Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), people with HIV (PWH) face immunological ageing and accelerated comorbidities including coronary artery disease (CAD). Gut mucosal damage, chronic inflammation, a...

Abstract Background The inability of antiretroviral medications to inhibit HIV is known as antiretroviral treatment failure. One of the greatest problems facing HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy is treatment ...

Abstract Background Limited evidence exists on the prescription patterns of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and their effectiveness in achieving HIV-1 viral suppression. This study evaluated pre-conflict prescr...

Abstract Background Modern medical education is transforming from a biomedical focus toward a holistic, patient-centered paradigm that values medical humanistic qualities, such as empathy, communication skills and reflec...

Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLHIV) have a higher risk of developing stage 3–5 of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and this risk is further impacted by the use of antiretrovirals including Tenofovir disoprox...

Abstract Background Given persistent and unpredictable delays in antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation globally, this study develops a decision preference scale to identify patients at risk of such delays and evaluates...

Abstract Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus with nearly universal seroprevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. In people living with HIV, CMV contributes to immune activation, systemic inflammation, an...

Abstract Background The coexistence of renal artery stenosis (RAS) and acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) is exceptionally rare. While imaging studies are essential for diagnosing RAS, noninvasive tests such as re...

Abstract Background Prophylactic medications are commonly used to prevent tuberculosis and opportunistic infections in people living with HIV (PLWH) who are on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, their cumu...

Abstract Background HIV/AIDS continues to pose a significant public health challenge globally and in India, despite the availability of free antiretroviral therapy (ART) through government healthcare services. People liv...

Abstract Background Dolutegravir (DTG) is endorsed as a preferred option for both first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, comprehensive high-quality evidence regarding its virological effectiveness ...

Abstract Introduction No-reflow phenomenon (NRP) after primary PCI in STEMI is strongly linked to early mortality and adverse events. Conventional indices such as the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), the CRP to ...

Abstract Background Undernutrition remains a major public health concern among HIV-positive children. Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectiveness in managing HIV, these children still face nutritio...

Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating neurological condition with high mortality and morbidity. Despite advancements in medical and surgical treatments, the long-term prognosis of ICH remains poor. Ste...

Abstract Background Anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies are entering clinical practice for early symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but European real-world data on feasibility, safety, and biomarker monitoring remain...

Abstract Background Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We sought to evaluate treatment patterns, treat-to-target state attainment, and outcomes of patients wi...