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Immune responses and inflammation are not stand-alone processes linearly regulated by the canonical signaling pathways but complex systems biology events, which are deeply rooted in the metabolic state of cells and dynam...

Vascular and metabolic diseases, including atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm and dissection, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), constitute a major global heal...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), including PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ, and PPAR-γ, are nuclear receptors that play critical roles in regulating metabolism and inflammation. While PPARs have been extensi...

The gut microbiota has co-evolved with its host and forms an essential component of the human body. It is acquired at birth and continues to develop alongside the host, preserving its diversity and stability throughout l...

Background: Cardiac complications arising from diabetes mellitus manifest as structural and functional myocardial alterations independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The intricate molecular underpinnings ...

Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid, and its accumulation in macroalgae has raised concerns for aquatic ecosystem health and human food safety given the increasing consumption of macroalgae. While previous studies have pre...

Multiple epidemiological studies across countries have linked exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with adverse reproductive outcomes; however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. In...

Background: Melanoma represents a highly aggressive and metastatic form of malignant skin cancer. that remains challenging to treat clinically. Tumor cells often reprogram nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) metab...

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex cardiovascular disorder characterized by diastolic dysfunction, metabolic dysregulation and limited therapeutic options. Post-translational modification...