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Industrial symbiosis offers a critical pathway for advancing resource circularity and energy efficiency in hard-to-abate sectors. As the steel and cement industries undergo profound structural transformation toward low-c...

Water Resources Carrying Capacity (WRCC) embodies the fundamental constraint relationship between water resource sustainability and regional economic growth as well as social development, serving as a key indicator for a...

Climate adaptation planning in resource-constrained contexts requires systematic assessment tools integrating vulnerability with capacity measurement, yet existing frameworks focus either on community vulnerability witho...

Agriculture in Iran operates under acute water scarcity, climate stress, and reliance on input-intensive practices that amplify environmental pressures. This study presents the first long-term, spatially explicit life cy...

Rich in multiple strategic rare metals, deep-sea manganese nodules constitute an essential mineral resource for balancing terrestrial resource supply and demand and facilitating the global energy transition. Accurate pre...

The Comprehensive Environmental Design and Evaluation System (CEDES) is based on a general taxonomic and conceptual framework that allows it to function both as a building sustainability assessment system and as a flexib...

This study advances indicator-based sustainability assessment by examining structural interdependencies among the four dimensions of the 2024 Green Growth Index—resource efficiency, natural capital protection, green ec...