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Abstract Accurate prediction of terrestrial water cycle variables like soil moisture (SM) and evapotranspiration (ET) is crucial, yet existing Deep Learning (DL) models face limitations. Many adopt Single-Task Learning (...

Abstract Rapid and continuous urbanization has increased water demand in cities worldwide. Global assessments of urban water scarcity should be conducted using gridded hydrological information, but are hampered by the la...

Abstract Groundwater is a central component of the Earth system. However, our understanding of how it is dynamically interlinked with the atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, biosphere, geosphere, and anthroposphere rema...

Abstract This study introduces two recently developed bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithms, Artificial Protozoa Optimizer (APO, 2024) and Dung Beetle Optimizer (DBO, 2023), into long short-term memory (LSTM) networks fo...

Abstract Research on the dynamics and driving mechanisms of submerged macrophytes communities during the natural restoration period of lakes with different trophic level remains relatively scarce. This study aims to inve...