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Background Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), may offer an alternative treatment strategy for impulsive b...

Background Clinical brain–computer interface (BCI) for mental disorders is an emerging interdisciplinary research field, posing new ethical concerns and challenges, yet lacking practical ethical governance guidelines f...

ABSTRACT Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by disrupted neuronal circuit maturation. Emerging evidence implicates microglial function and mitochondrial regulation as contribut...

Abstract The global rise in mental health conditions has prompted interest in interventions that act beyond conventional psychopharmacology. Psychobiotics, broadly understood as live microorganisms or microbe‐derived p...

Background Individual differences have been detected in individuals with opioid use disorders (OUD) in rehabilitation following protracted abstinence. Recent studies suggested that prediction models were effective for in...

The mind has puzzled humans for centuries, and its disorders, such as psychoses, have caused tremendous difficulties. However, relatively recent biotechnological breakthroughs, such as DNA technology and neuroimaging, ha...

Major depressive disorder (MDD) with suicidal ideation or behaviour (MDSI) is associated with an increased risk of future suicide. The timely identification of suicide risk in patients with MDD and the subsequent impleme...

Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a frequent and prominent phenomenon in major depressive disorder (MDD). Even though its prevalence and risk factors are relatively well understood, the potential mechanisms o...

Background The role of human lineage mutations (HLMs) in human evolution through post-transcriptional modification is unclear.Aims To investigate the contribution of HLMs to human evolution through post-transcriptional m...

Background The well-known ‘pyrotherapy’ of Julius Wagner-Jauregg might be the beginning of the study on the immunological concepts of schizophrenia. As the primary immune effector cells in the brain, microglia play a...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by re-experiencing, avoidance and hyperarousal. Memory abnormalities manifested as intrusive thoughts and prolonged distressful em...

Background The knowledge about the prevalence of schizophrenia among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) is sparse, particularly concerning the distribution in different age groups.Aims To investigate the prevalen...