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ABSTRACT Purpose Tobacco smoking is a major driver of chronic disease, and e‐cigarette use is increasingly common, yet their associations with prescribed medication burden remain unclear. Methods We analysed data from ...

ABSTRACT Background and Aims Nicotine dependence is a growing concern, particularly among young adults. While e‐cigarettes are marketed as smoking cessation tools, evidence suggests they may contribute to increased dep...

Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory lung disease caused by inhalation of noxious particles, most commonly cigarette smoking. The consequent changes in airways, lung parenchyma and pul...