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Paraquat (PQ), a widely used bipyridyl herbicide, exerts neurotoxic effects on dopaminergic neurons and can lead to Parkinson’s disease (PD)-like syndrome. Although immune dysfunction has been implicated in PD progress...

Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Its complex pathogenesis remains unclear, and no specific drugs are available for treatment. Current treatments focus mainly on ...

Epilepsy is a debilitating neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, affecting millions of patients worldwide. Retrospective studies in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients have shown a high incidence o...

To study the anti-inflammatory potential of the two synthetic cannabinoids 4′-F-CBD and HU-910, we used post-natal brain cultures of mouse microglial cells and astrocytes activated by reference inflammogens. We found t...

Abstract Accumulation of amyloid beta 1–42 (Aβ42) peptide in the extracellular space in the brain is a major observation in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)-related pathology. Astrocytes are known to play pivotal role in cl...

Sequestosome 1/p62 (hereafter referred to as p62) is a multifunctional protein that orchestrates various cellular stress response pathways including autophagy, proteasome-mediated degradation, antioxidant defense, nutrie...

IntroductionIsolated maternal hypothyroxinemia (IMH), defined by low free thyroxine (FT4) with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) within the reference range, is a clinically relevant thyroid phenotype in late pregnancy, w...

Abstract Abnormal astrocytes activation contributes to disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS), yet the regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we found that repulsive guidance molecule a (RGMa) was ...

Abstract Under high-altitude hypoxia, neuroinflammation contributes to cognitive impairment, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we established rat and astrocyte models of hypoxic exposure. We...

Abstract Background Neuroinflammation following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a critical contributor to secondary brain injury. Lactylation modification, a novel epigenetic regulatory mechanism, may participate in pa...

Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin that plays an important role in inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination is characterized by the loss of mature oligodendroc...

In the growing diversity of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived models of brain development, we present here a novel method that exhibits 3D cortical layer formation in a reproducible topography of minimal...

Abstract Periventricular nodular heterotopia is a common neuronal malformation in humans, often leading to epilepsy and other neurologic diseases. A 2‐month‐old female Chihuahua weighing 750 g was examined because ...

Abstract Background Social isolation is a chronic psychological stressor with high translational relevance to depression in humans, particularly in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, few preclinical studies...

Neurological disorders such as post-stroke hemiplegia, spinal cord injury, and Parkinson disease represent a major global health burden. Brain-computer interface (BCI), which creates direct communication pathways between...

Abstract Background Hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes mellitus, is a metabolic condition that highly affects the nervous system. While evidence from epidemiological and animal studies links diabetes to dopaminergic d...

Chronic pain affects hundreds of millions worldwide, yet current treatments—from NSAIDs to opioids—fall short and bring unwanted side effects. Neuroinflammation drives bidirectional glial-neuronal communication, a co...

Iron (Fe) accumulation in specific brain areas and ferroptosis are associated with various neurodegenerative disorders. We have previously established an in vivo model of Fe overload (C57BL/6 mice treated with Fe 333 mg/...