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The gut microbiota plays a central role in modulating both immunity and metabolism. Obesity-associated microbiota configuration is a critical driver of persistent inflammatory activation and immune dysfunction, ultimatel...

Mitochondria are major sites of ATP production, also serving as metabolic and biosynthetic hubs. The structure of mitochondria comprises a matrix enclosed by an inner membrane which is separated from the outer mitochondr...

Yue Hu,1,2 Peichen Xie,2 Jialin Li,2 Rui Liu,2 Haotong Wang,2 Zhicheng Wang,2 Chunyan Liu1 1Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 2NHC Key Laboratory o...

IntroductionMetabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has emerged as a severe worldwide public health burden with insufficient available clinical therapeutic strategies, which underscores the urgent demand for sa...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB), has killed nearly one billion people in the last two centuries. Nowadays, TB remains a major global health problem, ranking among the thirteen l...

Combined diquat and paraquat poisoning is a rare but clinically significant form of poisoning, associated with severe oxidative stress and multiorgan failure. Historical case series have reported high case fatality, part...

Abstract Bacteria adjust their metabolism to the cellular energy state. AMP-forming acetyl-CoA-synthetase AcsA generates acetyl-CoA from acetate, ATP and CoA. In Bacilli, including Bacillus subtilis and Geobacillus stear...

Human health is threatened by exposure to reactive toxins that can damage fundamental biomolecules such as DNA and proteins. One of these molecules is formaldehyde, the simplest and one of the most reactive aldehydes. Fo...

BackgroundNitric oxide (NO) is a signalling and physiologically active molecule in animals, plants and bacteria. The specificity of the molecular mechanism(s) involved in transducing the NO signal within and between cell...

Micronutrients serve as critical metabolic sensors and epigenetic regulators that orchestrate cytokine production through multiple overlapping signalling cascades, transcriptional networks, and cellular metabolic states....

Abstract Background Metabolism-induced post-translational modifications (PTMs) are critical for the regulation of cellular activities. As important types of modifications, lactylation and acetylation play essential roles...

Abstract Dormant cancer cells are a significant source of cancer recurrence and metastasis and exhibit robust resistance to conventional therapies. Therefore, the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies to eliminate ...

The senescence of the neuro-skeletal muscle system is typified by a gradual deterioration in muscle mass, strength, neuromuscular efficacy, and cognitive capabilities, which is further exacerbated by metabolic dysregulat...

BackgroundStreptococcus canis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen capable of causing infective endocarditis (IE) in animals and humans. In IE, bacterial biofilms form vegetations on heart valves, protecting microbes from a...

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a convergent hallmark of biological aging and a mechanistically attractive target for gerotherapeutic development. Yet translation of mitochondria-focused interventions has been limited by pa...

In this study, we explore Deisboeck and Z. Wang's conjecture from 2007, which establishes a quantitative relationship between the spatial expansion of tumours and the volume constraints as well as functional variations o...

Aging is an irreversible and natural phenomenon. At the biological level, aging is caused by various molecular and cellular damages over time. Evidence of Anti-aging were observed in Yeast, Worms and Mice with metformin....

Circadian rhythms are essential for maintaining intervertebral disc (IDD) homeostasis and regulate cellular metabolism, mechanical responses, and therapeutic efficacy. Core clock genes, especially CLOCK and BMAL1, have c...

IntroductionAlthough immune responses to Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination and susceptibility to mycobacterial infection vary across individuals, the underlying cellular mechanisms regulating this heterogenei...

Transient hypoxia in pregnancy stimulates a physiological reflex response that redistributes blood flow and defends oxygen delivery to the fetal brain. We designed the present experiment to test the hypotheses that trans...

Abstract Background Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is one of the common pathological subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, which poses significant treatment challenges due to poor response to conventional therapie...

IntroductionThe secretome derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have received significant attention as a promising tool in regenerative medicine. This “cell-free” strategy offers a promising alternative to stem ...

Lysine lactylation (Kla) is a novel form of post-translational modification. It utilizes lactate as its core substrate. Through an enzymatic regulatory network, it mediates modifications of both histones and non-histone ...

Abstract Targeting the BCL-2 family of proteins, key regulators of cellular apoptosis, with BH3-mimetics has been a major therapeutic goal to overcome cancer cell death resistance. However, beyond their canonical roles i...