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Abstract Echo State Networks are recurrent neural networks that leverage a random reservoir’s dynamics, training only a simple readout layer. This approach is computationally efficient but limits network performance. B...

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired, energy-efficient alternative to conventional artificial neural networks (ANNs). However, deep SNNs struggle to process complex EEG signals because their spike...

Abstract Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) disproportionately affects children and adolescents and has been associated with poorer neurocognitive performance, but the biological mechanisms driving symptom variability an...

How do living systems sustain communication, identity, and resilience while remaining exposed to disorder and environmental perturbations? How do poly-genomic organisms integrate evolutionary history (including non-genet...

Abstract Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and multi-omics integration are reshaping precision oncology by enabling deeper mechanistic understanding, improved characterization of tumor heterogeneity, and the accel...

Abstract While both common and rare variants contribute to the genetic etiology of complex traits, whether their impacts manifest through the same effector genes and molecular mechanisms is not well understood. Here, we ...

Biological neural network functionality depends on the vast number of connections between nodes, which can be challenging to implement artificially. One radical solution is to replace physical wiring with broadcasting of...

IntroductionLiver diseases continue to impose a major global health burden, and therapeutic progress is constrained by the limited availability of validated small-molecule modulators. TEAD4, a central Hippo-YAP effector,...

Abstract Background Reliable identification of protein‑protein interactions (PPIs) is crucial for deciphering cellular functional networks. Current research models still face limitations in aligning heterogeneous featu...

Introduction The imbalance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is central to osteoporosis.Insulin like growth factor (IGF) has protective effects on bone. As an IGF-binding protein, the role of IGFBP in bone has also beg...

Sepsis remains one of the most complex and lethal syndromes in pediatric critical care, driven by dysregulated and heterogeneous host responses to infection. Despite decades of biomarker research, few biomarkers have bee...

Produced water, generated as a byproduct of oil and gas extraction, is a complex mixture characterized by high salinity and the presence of hydrocarbons, heavy metals, salts, and production-related chemicals. Its large v...