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In the last decades there have been significant advances in our understanding of the cellular and subcellular mechanisms underlying changes in synaptic connectivity that subserve memory formation. The so called Theory of...

ABSTRACT Background Lead is a nonessential, toxic heavy metal that causes widespread environmental contamination, affecting humans, animals, plants, and ecosystems. Globally, an estimated 800 million children have blood ...

Plant reproduction is an intricate process important for the survival of all dominant autotrophs and critical in agriculture and stable food production as the basis of our diet. Angiosperms undergo extreme transformation...

Abstract Therapeutic resistance remains a major cause of treatment failure and disease recurrence across cancer types, considerably limiting the long-term efficacy of chemotherapies, targeted therapies, and immunotherapi...

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by progressive functional decline and increased vulnerability to age-related diseases, particularly neurodegenerative disorders. At the biological level, aging is chara...

O músculo estriado esquelético é formado pela associação de fibras musculares com a matriz extracelular. Esse tecido possui alta plasticidade e o conhecimento das características morfológicas, da miogênese, e da ...

Abstract Deoxynivalenol (DON), a prevalent Fusarium mycotoxin, poses a significant threat to intestinal health in piglets. This study established a deoxynivalenol (DON) intoxication model in piglets, revealing compromise...

Exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been a cause for concern for decades due to evidence linking exposure to these substances with adverse health effects. Its widespread use in industrial and cons...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant global public health challenge, with its high incidence and mortality rates imposing a substantial socioeconomic burden. Tribbles family proteins (TRIB1, TRIB2, and T...

Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) remains a major global health challenge with persistently poor survival rates, largely attributable to late-stage diagnosis and the inherent limitations of conventional imaging mod...

Cytokinesis is the process by which mitotic cells physically split in two following chromosome segregation. Dividing animal cells first ingress a cytokinetic furrow and then separate the plasma membrane by abscission. Th...

Abstract Populations residing in high-level natural radiation areas (HLNRA) along the monazite-rich coastal belt of Kerala, India, are chronically exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation, with lifetime cumulative doses ex...

Red blood cells (RBCs), formerly viewed as mere oxygen transporters, are now acknowledged as dynamic biological entities with intricate molecular characteristics which impact their deformability, lifespan, and interactio...

Carotid artery stenting (CAS) has emerged as an effective alternative to carotid endarterectomy for treating carotid artery stenosis, particularly in high-risk surgical patients. However, in-stent restenosis (ISR) remain...

Non-infectious uveitis encompasses a diverse array of autoimmune ocular disorders marked by the breakdown of immune tolerance and recurrent inflammatory episodes. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are integral to the maintenanc...

Thermal stability is one of the most important and fundamental properties of energetic molecules, and still suffers from many challenges in theoretical evaluation prior to experiment determination. This work introduces a...

Fluorinated ether-based electrolytes represent a promising avenue for improving lithium-ion battery performance and safety, yet the molecular mechanisms governing ion transport in these systems remain insufficiently unde...

Abstract Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn., commonly known as Ragi or finger millet, is a nutrient-rich cereal traditionally valued for its health-promoting properties. However, its precise molecular mechanisms and therapeu...

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a commonly used plasticizer that has raised significant concerns due to its strong endocrine-disrupting effects, which are closely associated with developmental toxicity. While previo...

BackgroundMyocarditis is an inflammatory cardiomyopathy characterized by high level of inflammatory cell infiltration and progressive cardiac dysfunction. The underlying pathogenesis involves direct pathogen damage and i...

Students in A-Level and IB, and similar high-school curricula are expected to understand nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), yet many rely on memorization because curricula do not provide a conceptual bri...

Sepsis remains a major challenge in critical care medicine worldwide, characterized by a dynamic imbalance of the immune system between two extremes: “immunoparalysis” and “hyperactivation.” This dysregulation se...

Polariton thermalization is a key process in achieving light–matter Bose–Einstein condensation, spanning from solid-state semiconductor microcavities at cryogenic temperatures to surface plasmon nanocavities with mol...

Abstract Ulcerative colitis remains a challenging clinical condition due to its complex etiology and the limitations of current therapies. Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PDELNs) represent a new class of natural...