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Abstract Objective Intestinal organoids serve as important tools for drug screening, but the extent to which they recapitulate in vivo tissue microenvironments and drug responses remains inadequately evaluated. This s...

In the growing diversity of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived models of brain development, we present here a novel method that exhibits 3D cortical layer formation in a reproducible topography of minimal...

Abstract Liver fibrosis remains an unmet medical need with limited therapeutic options and high translational failure. Conventional two-dimensional stellate cell cultures and cytokine-induced organoids poorly recapitulat...

Abstract Background Developing regenerative therapies to restore kidney function in patients with progressive renal disease represents a major challenge for modern molecular nephrology. Kidney organoids, three-dimensiona...

Chronic norovirus infection (CNI) causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, including those with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). Gastrointestinal samples from patients with CNI demonstrat...

Abstract Background The efficacy of conventional αβ T cell-based immunotherapies is often limited by tumor immune evasion. γδ T cells can bypass these limitations through MHC-independent tumor recognition, but their ...

Abstract Acute gastroenteritis viruses, such as rotavirus, human norovirus, human astrovirus, human adenovirus, human sapovirus, represent significant threats to global public health. Research on these pathogens has long...

Primary human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) require microenvironments that reproduce various in vivo cues to maintain survival, differentiation, and function in vitro. In this study, we investigated how intestinal s...

Abstract The core pathological mechanisms of diabetic microvascular diseases, such as nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and neuropathy, involve the dysfunction and loss of microvascular endothelial cells (ECs), vas...

Cell extrusion is an essential mechanism for controlling cell density in epithelial tissues. Another essential element of epithelia is curvature, which is required to achieve complex shapes, like in the lung or intestine...

Drug discovery research faces significant challenges, with around 90 % of candidate drugs failing in clinical trials. Traditional animal models do not always accurately reflect human physiology and pathology, leading to ...

ABSTRACT Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) leads to severe renal cysts and progressive kidney dysfunction, with no approved treatments. The absence of such cystic phenotypes in Pkhd1−/− mice under...

ABSTRACT High‐resolution fluorescence microscopy deep inside thick, live specimens remains a major challenge due to scattering and limited penetration depth. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is widely used for ...

Abstract Background Endometriosis is a highly prevalent, hormone-driven chronic disease characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Despite its impact, the mechanisms underlying the dise...

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) consists of a class of malignant tumors of the biliary system, with a rising incidence and carries a poor prognosis. Developing reliable animal models of CCA is crucial to elucidate the pathogene...

Abstract Mutations in the CYFIP2 gene, particularly the R87C variant, are associated with severe epileptic encephalopathy, and present challenges for therapeutic development. This study utilized CRISPR/Cas9-edited human ...

Abstract BCL-2 has been implicated in prostate cancer (PCa) progression and development of castration-resistant disease (CRPC); however, it remains unclear how the BCL-2- and AR-expressing PCa cell populations evolve acr...

A growing number of therapies are being developed to target the cell cycle machinery for the treatment of cancer and other human diseases. Consequently, a greater understanding of the factors regulating cell cycle progre...

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by heterogeneity in its genetic, epigenetic, and environmental etiologies, posing significant challenges for therapeutic development...