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Abstract Man-made synthetic/manufactured nano-objects (MNOs) are increasingly used in almost every scientific sector, including pharmaceutical, agricultural, food, and drug industries worldwide. Rapid advances in nanotec...

For irrigation of soil utilization of wastewater has risen significantly in the past few years. This wastewater often have large amount of trace elements and heavy metals, many of which are non-essential and harmful to l...

In this study Streptomyces were isolated from 50 bacterial isolates taken from 30 soil samples, these samples were collected from various locations in Iraq's various regions.  The species of Streptomyces were isolated u...

Abstract Background Hypogeous fungi play important ecological roles and have significant economic value. However, the hypogeous habit of these organisms hinders our understanding of their diversity and vulnerability. Res...

Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent environmental pollutants widely used in industrial applications due to their thermal stability and chemical resistance. However, their persistence in the environ...

BackgroundNitric oxide (NO) is a signalling and physiologically active molecule in animals, plants and bacteria. The specificity of the molecular mechanism(s) involved in transducing the NO signal within and between cell...

Calcareous sand is a special kind of geotechnical sand which consists of much carbonate. Based on the remains of the original marine organisms, the calcareous sand grains have irregular shapes and contain inner pores. Th...