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Vegetation optical depth (VOD), as a key parameter of vegetation, plays an important role in the process of vegetation growth and change. The spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) technolog...

Abstract The exploration of the surrounding world and the universe is an important theme in the legacy of humankind. The detection of gravitational waves is adding a new dimension to this grand effort. What are the funda...

Voltage stability in modern smart grids faces increasing challenges due to the widespread use of renewable energy and diminished reactive-power margins. While power flow analysis remains the most precise method, it is of...

Two criteria for the spectra of relativistic waves are proposed. Zero-point radiation provides the identity representation of the conformal group in Minkowski spacetime. Thermal radiation provides the irreducible represe...

We calculate the algebra of constraints for deparametrized general relativity with a space-time filling unstable D-brane for an arbitrary value of tachyon field T. We also propose observables that have vanishing Poisson ...

Measurements from global navigation satellite system reflectometry (GNSS-R) have proven effective for applications in sea surface height (SSH). Deep learning-based methods for spaceborne GNSS-R SSH retrieval can effectiv...

The field of remote sensing change detection (RSCD) has witnessed remarkable progress. Most existing RSCD methods currently follow the encoder-feature interaction-decoder architecture. However, these methods often treat ...

IntroductionVision-based fall analysis has advanced rapidly, yet a key bottleneck remains: visually similar motions can correspond to markedly different physical outcomes, as subtle differences in contact mechanics and p...

The identification of exoplanets within habitable zones remains a central objective in modern astrophysics, particularly with the availability of large-scale photometric datasets from space-based missions such as the Tra...

Cloud morphological transitions strongly influence radiative effects and the regional radiation budget. Marine cold-air outbreaks (MCAOs) over the northwestern Atlantic feature such transitions. Characterizing these tran...

Large deviation theory provides a framework to understand macroscopic fluctuations and collective phenomena in many-body nonequilibrium systems in terms of microscopic dynamics. In these lecture notes we discuss the larg...

Abstract Optically trapped silica nanoparticles are a promising tool for precise sensing of gravitational or inertial forces and fundamental physics, including tests of quantum mechanics at “large” mass scales. This ...

Abstract The Carroll group arises in the vanishing speed of light limit of the Poincaré group and was initially discarded as just a mathematical curiosity. However, recent developments have proved otherwise. Carroll and...

Many astrophysical simulations involve extreme dynamic range of timescales around 'special points' in the domain (e.g. black holes, stars, planets, disks, galaxies, shocks, mixing interfaces), where processes on small sc...

Abstract High-harmonic generation and ultrafast electron coherent control are central goals in modern strong-field physics. However, the problem of producing and manipulating electron-matter-wave pulses at zeptosecond ti...

The plasmasphere contains rich small-scale structure that plays a key role in regulating wave propagation and mass transport in the inner magnetosphere, yet the evolution of plasmaspheric density ducts remains poorly und...

Terrestrial evaporation ($E$) plays a crucial role in the water, energy, and carbon cycles and modulates climate change through multiple feedback mechanisms. While process-based models estimate $E$ using satellite-derive...

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and visual Transformers have become the dominant approaches for hyperspectral image (HSI) classification due to their powerful feature representation capabilities. However, CNNs are l...