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Background Pathophysiologic mechanisms for the development and progression of degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) remain elusive. Increased concentrations of circulating trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) and its precu...

Abstract This report, issued by the ACVIM Specialty of Cardiology consensus panel, revises guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD, also known as endocardiosis and degenerative...

Immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) causes severe anemia in dogs and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Treatment with various immunosuppressive and antithrombotic drugs has been described ane...

Abstract Background Diagnosis of infiltrative small intestinal (SI) disease in cats is challenging, and debate continues regarding optimal biopsy techniques. Ultrasonography may facilitate selection of biopsy type and lo...

Objectives: Describe the time elapsed from the diagnosis to treatment with chemotherapy for patients with breast and lung cancer at public and private hospitals in Buenos Aires. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Settin...

Background Genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical evidence suggests that, in horses, there are manifestations of hypersensitivity that can occur together. Objectives To investigate whether concurrent insect bite hypersensi...

Abstract Background Severity of lung lesions quantified by thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) at time of bronchopneumonia (BP) diagnosis predicted death among steers not treated for this condition. Further research is needed...

Abstract Background Hyperinsulinemia is associated with equine laminitis, and digital lamellar inflammation in equine metabolic syndrome‐associated laminitis (EMSAL) is modest when compared with sepsis‐associated lam...

Background Thyroid hormone supplementation anecdotally has been described as a valid treatment option for dogs with aggression‐related problems. However, prospective, controlled, and blinded trials evaluating behavior ...

Abstract Background Diagnosis of Chiari‐like malformation‐associated pain (CM‐P) or clinically relevant syringomyelia (SM) is challenging. We sought to determine common signs. Animals One hundred thirty client‐ow...

Abstract Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate is frequently used as a biomarker in humans with inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disorders including bacterial meningitis and autoimmune disorders such as m...

Abstract Background Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) has clinical similarity to pituitary‐dependent hypercortisolism (PDH) in dogs. Some studies have identified a greater frequency of SARDS in seas...

Abstract Background Steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis (SRMA) is a common inflammatory neurologic disorder of dogs for which certain breeds are predisposed. Objectives To determine whether breed differences exis...

Abstract Background Gastrointestinal diseases are prevalent in dogs, and probiotics could provide safe alternatives to conventional treatments. Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of probiotics when used in the pr...

Abstract Background Information regarding clinical signs, assessment, treatment, and outcome in cats with hiatal hernia (HH) is limited. Objectives To characterize the clinical presentation of HH and medical and surgical...

Abstract Background Dogs with immune‐mediated disease are often coadministered glucocorticoids and aspirin, but ulcerogenic effects of current protocols are unknown. Objectives To compare gastrointestinal changes among...

Abstract Two non‐pedigreed male castrated cats had persistent cyanosis over a 3‐year observation period. Clinical cardiopulmonary evaluations did not reveal abnormalities, but the blood remained dark after exposure t...

Abstract Background Hypokalemia is of clinical relevance in cattle. Different mostly empirical treatment options are suggested. Hypothesis/Objectives To evaluate if oral administration of potassium influences the plasma ...

Abstract Background The cause of low serum vitamin D concentrations in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is not well understood. Objective Improve understanding of pathogenesis of low serum vitamin D conce...

Abstract Background An evaluation of currently available in‐clinic diagnostic tests for Giardia duodenalis infection of dogs and cats has not been performed. In addition, there is discordance among published diagnostic...

Abstract Background The intranasal (IN) route for rapid drug administration in patients with brain disorders, including status epilepticus, has been investigated. Status epilepticus is an emergency, and the IN route offe...

Abstract Background Although thoracic hemivertebra can cause neurological signs, they occur commonly in neurologically normal dogs. Objectives To evaluate whether computed tomography (CT) findings and factors associated ...

Background Microscopic evaluation of urine is inconsistently performed in veterinary clinics. The IDEXX SediVue Dx® Urine Sediment Analyzer (SediVue) recently was introduced for automated analysis of canine and feline u...

Background Spontaneous hypercortisolism or Cushing's syndrome in dogs is either pituitary or adrenal dependent, but concurrent pituitary and adrenal hypercortisolism also has been reported. Objective To determine how oft...