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We show how a theory for electrocatalysis developed in our group can be combined with density-functional theory in order to obtain free-energy surfaces for electrochemical reactions. The combined theory is applied to the...

Abstract Wheel polygonal wear can immensely worsen wheel/rail interactions and vibration performances of the train and track, and ultimately, lead to the shortening of service life of railway components. At present, whee...

Smart environments play a crucial role in achieving sustainable development goals, particularly those related to environmental protection and public health. In recent years, environmental degradation caused by air and wa...

Invasive plants represent a valuable model system for studying contemporary evolution and predicting evolutionary responses to global climate change. Rapid adaptation to climate during range expansion has been recently r...

Abstract The 2023 Gansu Jishishan MS 6.2 earthquake provides seismological evidence for investigating the origin and evolution of the Lajishan fault zone. To better understand the connection between this tectonic evoluti...

Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) surrounding supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are among the densest stellar environments in the Universe. In these environments, collisions can shape the stellar mass function and produce exot...

Abstract Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a diverse class of short peptides with therapeutic potential as antimicrobial agents and immune regulators. Many anurans (frogs and toads) produce diverse sets of AMPs via speci...

BackgroundRadical prostatectomy remains a key curative treatment for localized prostate cancer which has undergone continuous transformation. Recent developments in robot-assisted and single-port surgery have followed th...

Ultra-massive white dwarfs are powerful tools used to study various physical processes in the asymptotic giant branch (AGB), type Ia supernova explosions, and the theory of crystallization through white dwarf asteroseism...

Abstract Background Repetitive elements, particularly satellite DNA (satDNA), play a significant role in genome evolution and organisation. However, their diversity and evolutionary dynamics remain poorly understood in n...

Background: Mayflies are basal winged insects of crucial importance for the understanding of the early evolution of Pterygota. Unlike all other insects, they have two successive winged stages, the subimago and the imago....

Different studies have tried to find a common thread that places different evolutionary and neo-Schumpeterian contributions to economic change under one umbrella. The complexity approach can account for a set of attribut...

Pollen morphology has proven to be particularly informative for elucidating the evolutionary relationships within Asteraceae (or Compositae). However, very few studies have attempted to reconstruct the character states a...

Hibernation and daily torpor are two distinct forms of torpor, and although they are related, it is not known how and in which sequence they evolved. As the pattern of torpor expressed by the oldest marsupial order the o...

The governance of online rumors during major emergencies is essential for maintaining social stability and ensuring a healthy cyberspace. This study develops a tripartite evolutionary game model involving local governmen...

Inflorescence forms in grasses lead to a general assumption that their evolution is random. We reconstructed the ancestral inflorescence for Poaceae subtribe Eleusininae and outlined possible evolutionary pathways to tes...

The understanding of the processes occurring in Nature has been a continuing concern throughout the history of mankind. Intellectual tools employed towards this goal were specific for each period and have been largely ba...

The intelligent equipment system serves as the physical carrier for the transformation of operational forms toward cognitive adaptation. To maintain functional continuity within highly uncertain and strongly adversarial ...

Context. Water ice is expected to be the dominant volatile component of bodies formed in the outer Solar System. However, recent observations of comets and trans-Neptunian objects suggest that the relative abundances of ...

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic evolution of milk production, udder morphology, and animal behavior of Gir dairy cattle. Data were obtained on the predicted breeding values for milk yield ...

In the Sichuan Basin, the activity of the Huayingshan fault significantly affects the structural evolution of the sedimentary cover and promotes the formation of oil and gas fields, but further research is needed on its ...

The global invasion, and subsequent spread and evolution of weeds provides unique opportunities to address fundamental questions in evolutionary and invasion ecology. Amaranthus palmeri is a widespread glyphosate-resista...

Homogenizationmodels are widely used to predict the evolution of texture (crystal preferred orientations) and resulting anisotropy of physical properties in metals, rocks, and ice. They fail, however, in predicting two m...

The Modern Synthesis was not widely adopted by paleoanthropologists until the 1950s, but the perception has been that this event had important theoretical and methodological consequences for the study of hominid evolutio...