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Evolutionary computation techniques, genetic algorithms, evolutionary strategies and genetic programming are motivated by the evolution of nature. A population of individuals, which encode the problem solutions are manip...

The optimization of nonlinear functions using particle swarm methodology is described. Implementations of two paradigms are discussed and compared, including a recently developed locally oriented paradigm. Benchmark test...

Understanding the evolutionary history of living organisms is a central problem in biology. Until recently the ability to infer evolutionary relationships was limited by the amount of DNA sequence data available, but new...