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Background Spinal walking (SW) is described as the acquisition of an involuntary motor function in paraplegic dogs and cats without pain perception affected by a thoracolumbar lesion. Whereas spinal locomotion is well de...

Background The role of inflammation in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats is not well characterized. Hepcidin is a recently discovered acute‐phase protein (APP) that plays an import...

A case study of renal tubular dysfunction consistent with idiopathic Fanconi syndrome is reported in an 18‐month‐old Holstein heifer. The clinical, biochemical, and histopathological features are described. The heife...

Respiratory tract disease can be associated with primary or secondary bacterial infections in dogs and cats and is a common reason for use and potential misuse, improper use, and overuse of antimicrobials. There is a lac...

Background Diagnosis of protein loss into the gastrointestinal tract using noninvasive techniques is challenging. In people, scintigraphy not only is a sensitive tool to confirm protein‐losing enteropathy (PLE), but it...

Background Development of hypocalcemia after treatment of hyperparathyroidism results in increased costs and risk of poorer outcomes. Previous studies have shown conflicting data about predictors of hypocalcemia after th...

Background There are limited reports of severe tricuspid valve stenosis in dogs and limited data regarding treatment and outcome. Objective To evaluate clinical signs, echocardiographic features, and outcome of balloon v...

Background Multiple factors exist that contribute to anemia in dogs and cats receiving hemodialysis, can necessitate transfusion. Objectives To describe blood product usage in dogs and cats with acute and chronic kidney ...

Background No definitive, antemortem diagnostic test for canine degenerative myelopathy (DM) is available. Phosphorylated neurofilament heavy (pNF‐H) is a promising biomarker for nervous system diseases. Hypothesis/Obj...

Background Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions may cause acute kidney injury (AKI) in humans. Objective To compare AKI grades in 94 dogs exposed and 90 dogs that were unexposed to 6% HES‐130/0.4. Animals Dogs receiving...

Background The term meningoencephalocele (MEC) describes a herniation of cerebral tissue and meninges through a defect in the cranium, whereas a meningocele (MC) is a herniation of the meninges alone. Hypothesis/Objectiv...

Musladin‐Lueke syndrome (MLS), previously termed Chinese Beagle syndrome, is an autosomal‐recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by extensive fibrosis of the skin and joints that was first identified in B...

Background A high prevalence of cholestatic disease, including gallbladder mucocele (GBM), has been reported in dogs with naturally occurring pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH). Hypothesis/Objectives Differ...

Background Assessment of left ventricular (LV) function by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is not well established in horses with heart disease. Objectives To describe the use of pulsed‐wave (PW) TDI for the assessment of...

Background In the oligofructose (OF) model of sepsis‐related laminitis (SRL), digital hypothermia (“cryotherapy”) initiated before the onset of clinical signs is reported not only to limit lamellar injury, but also...

Background Storage of canine packed red blood cells (pRBCs) can increase erythrocyte phosphatidylserine (PS) expression and eicosanoid concentrations. Hypothesis/Objectives To determine the effects of leukoreduction on e...

Background Radioiodine (131I) is effective treatment for hyperthyroidism in cats, but optimal dose to restore euthyroidism without inducing hypothyroidism is unclear. Treatment‐induced hypothyroidism can lead to azotem...

Background Diarrhea is the most frequent morbidity affecting kenneled dogs in animal shelters. Diarrhea impacts animal welfare and the finances of the shelter as they must treat, clean, and house affected animals until r...

Background Many diagnostic tests for insulin dysregulation use reference intervals established with an insulin radioimmunoassay (RIA) that is no longer available. A chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) is commonly used fo...

Background Previous studies have identified hypoalbuminemia as a risk factor for negative outcome in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE), but it has not been determined whether histopathology differs between CE dogs with ...

Background Decreased function of the left atrium (LA) is a useful prognostic indicator in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). In humans, LA strain is a novel severity indicator of mitral regurgitation, but ...

Background Cardiovascular disease has been associated with oxidative stress, which has been suggested to contribute to myocardial remodeling in human patients. Little is known about the relationship between myxomatous mi...

Weinvestigate some modal operators of necessity and possibility that form an adjoint pair in the context of meet-complemented lattices. We prove that they form an equational class and we study the modalities, i.e. the fi...

A definitively diagnosed case of left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) has not been previously reported in a non‐human species. We describe a Maine Coon cross cat with echocardiographically and pathologically documente...