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Gypsum is a type of habitat widely spread throughout the world, especially in arid climates (Somalia, Australia, Middle East, USA, circum-Mediterranean region, etc.). The vegetation present on this type of habitat has lo...

Modelling is one way of helping policymakers assess the impacts of different drivers on biodiversity and ecosystems, as well as the feedbacks on drivers generated by those impacts (from Chapter 3). Modelling provides too...

In arid and semiarid areas, the interplant spaces are usually covered by physical and biological soil crusts. These crusts, though representing an almost negligible portion of the soil profile, have a number of crucial r...

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of hum...

There are currently ci 75 GTN-P boreholes and 18 CALM sites in Antarctica, most of them installed during the IPY and still with a short data series. In the Antarctic Peninsula, only 6 boreholes are deeper than 10 m and 4...