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Abstract Background Variants in OTUD5 are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenicity of a novel OTUD5 va...

Background: Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation (rPMS) is an innovative neuromodulation technique that has gained attention for its potential therapeutic effects in both musculoskeletal and neurological disorders....

Neurological disorders such as post-stroke hemiplegia, spinal cord injury, and Parkinson disease represent a major global health burden. Brain-computer interface (BCI), which creates direct communication pathways between...

Adolescence is the peak period for the incidence of anxiety disorders. Recent findings have revealed the immaturity of neural networks underlying emotional regulation in this population. Brain vulnerability to anxiety in...

Abstract Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) feature deficits in movement intention, predictive mechanisms, and agency. While prior work characterised BOLD amplitude during movement preparation and temporal dynamics a...

Behavioural inhibition is a biologically based risk factor for anxiety disorders. Children with behavioural inhibition are shy, cautious and avoidant of new situations. Much research on behavioural inhibition has focused...

This review reexamines the mechanism by which acupuncture (especially electroacupuncture) modulates pain-related affective disorders from an integrative functional framework. We propose that the efficacy of acupuncture s...

Craniofacial morphogenesis is a highly coordinated developmental process governed by complex genetic and molecular interactions. Among these, the PAX family of transcription factors plays a pivotal role in the regulation...

In the growing diversity of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived models of brain development, we present here a novel method that exhibits 3D cortical layer formation in a reproducible topography of minimal...

Background. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders worldwide and remains an important public health concern. The disorder is characterized by persistent ina...

Animal models are useful to study the molecular, cellular and morphogenetic mechanisms underlying normal and pathological development. The neural crest (NC) is a transient, multipotent and migratory cell population that ...

ABSTRACT The biportal endoscopic technique, known as unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE), has emerged as an effective minimally invasive approach for managing various spinal disorders. This report presents the first docu...

BackgroundThe toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can affect nearly all organ systems. Although previous studies have examined specific types of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated...

Thymic stromal cells drive T cell development by supplying key cues for progenitor proliferation and differentiation. Although thymic epithelial cells are well characterized, recent studies highlight crucial functions of...

The early stages of life constitute a crucial period for neurodevelopment, during which maternal gut microbiota dysbiosis can impact offspring neurodevelopment via the microbiota–gut–brain axis. This study aimed to e...

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology provides objective and quantitative biological assessment methods for the rehabilitation assessment of patients with neurological dysfunction by acquiring and decoding neural act...

Descritas há mais de 150 anos, as células gliais, constituintes do tecido nervoso juntamente com os neurônios, foram consideradas até pouco tempo células de suporte do cérebro, passivas e à margem do seu funcionam...

The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem known as the ‘second brain’. Composing the microbiota-gut-brain axis, the gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate the central nervous system through neural, e...

Disrupted hippocampal performance underlies psychiatric comorbidities and cognitive impairments in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. To understand the contribution of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) to amyo...

Background and purposeThe aging brain is particularly sensitive to alterations in selenium status. Selenium deficiency has been associated with impaired neural function, cognitive decline, and increased vulnerability to ...

The incidence of metabolic disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome have seriously increased in the last decades. These diseases - with growing impact in modern societies - constitute major ris...