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ABSTRACT Background Current diagnosis of brain disease in dogs is dependent on imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, including total nucleated cell counts and albumin concentrations. Hypothesis/Objectives To de...

Abstract Background Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) caused by Sarcocystis neurona remains an antemortem diagnostic challenge in some horses. Recent work suggested the use of real‐time PCR (rtPCR) on cerebrospi...

Abstract Background Atlantoaxial (AA) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection in standing horses utilizes the controlled narcotic morphine, thereby limiting feasibility in field practice settings. Objectives To compare AA C...

Abstract Background Increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein concentration is a common finding in neurological diseases of dogs. Distinguishing between intrathecally‐produced proteins and proteins that have passed t...

Abstract Background Serial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis might be required in clinical neurologic disease. The effect of lumbosacral (LS) or cervical (C1‐C2) centesis on subsequent CSF cytologic analyses has not b...

Abstract Background Hydromyelia is a common magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding associated with compressive myelopathy caused by intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE). Objectives To describe the MRI features of hydro...

Abstract Acquired cervical scoliosis previously has been reported in dogs as a clinical sign associated with Chiari‐like malformation and syringomyelia but has not been described with inflammatory central nervous syste...

Abstract Background Polymyxin B (PolyB) is used to treat endotoxemia in horses; neurologic and nephrogenic adverse effects occur in humans. Objectives To describe PolyB adverse effects in horses. Animals Five healthy hor...

Abstract Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is caused by a mutant biotype of the feline enteric coronavirus. The resulting FIP virus (FIPV) commonly causes central nervous system (CNS) and ocular pathology in cases of n...

Abstract Background Epilepsy in dogs and humans is associated with blood‐brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction (BBBD), which may involve dysfunction of tight junction (TJ) proteins, matrix metalloproteases, and astrocytes. I...

ABSTRACT Background The biomarker Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide (CGRP) is elevated in human conditions associated with neuropathic pain, but has not yet been studied in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) with Chia...

Background No definitive, antemortem diagnostic test for canine degenerative myelopathy (DM) is available. Phosphorylated neurofilament heavy (pNF‐H) is a promising biomarker for nervous system diseases. Hypothesis/Obj...

Abstract Background Bacterial meningitis (BM) and meningoencephalitis (BMEM) are associated with high case fatality rates and neurologic sequelae in people, but limited data exists on outcome in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectiv...

Abstract Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is an important component of the evaluation of horses with neurologic disease. Lumbosacral (LS) centesis is routine, but CSF is also collected from the space between...

Abstract Background Treatment options available for meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) in dogs are suboptimal, and currently, no single treatment protocol appears to be superior. Objectives Compare neurological ...

ABSTRACT Background Long‐term freezing storage can alter the stability of proteins, thereby compromising accurate determination of indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) titers that support the diagnosis of equine p...

Abstract Background Non‐suppurative encephalitides in a variety of species, including humans and dogs, have been linked to infection by astroviruses and bornaviruses. Hypothesis/Objectives To determine whether or not r...

Abstract Background Eight‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative damage evaluated in human neurodegenerative disease, has potential to correlate with postmortem diagnosis of neuroaxonal dy...

Abstract Background Osseous‐associated cervical spondylomyelopathy (OA‐CSM) is a common condition of the cervical vertebral column that affects giant dog breeds. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that regulate gene e...

Abstract Background There exists a scarcity of information on risk factors associated with case outcomes in goats diagnosed with encephalitic listeriosis. Objective Evaluate risk factors associated with outcomes in 36 ca...