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Abstract Objective The study aimed to evaluate the hypoxia-induced brain injury and neuroprotective effects of pyrimidine and its derivative, arylvinylpyrimidine (AVP), in the freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis....

The three pillars of the energy trilemma (ET) framework are frequently at odds when fossil fuel subsidies (FFSs) remain intact in emerging economies. Although intended to enhance energy availability, these subsidies can ...

Holoplanktonic gastropods (pteropods and heteropods) are major components of modern Indo–West Pacific (IWP) plankton, yet their fossil record in this region remains sparse. Expanding the spatial and temporal coverage o...

The Bryn Gwyn (Chubut Province, Patagonia, Argentina) is a classic fossiliferous site, long recognised for its Cenozoic vertebrate record. However, its invertebrate content remains poorly documented. The Lower Miocene Ga...

The aculeate family Bethylidae is represented in Baltic amber by about 40 species. We here describe and figure a new species in the subfamily Epyrinae from this late Eocene deposit: †Gracilepyris carsteni sp. nov., ba...

Selective electrochemical CO₂ reduction to multi-carbon products remains a central bottleneck for carbon-neutral chemical manufacturing, with most catalysts achieving C₂⁺ Faradaic efficiencies below 75%. This inves...

Efforts to conserve fuel oil (BBM) promoted by the Indonesian government and many other countries are motivated by the fact that fossil fuel availability has decreased and environmental pollution continues to worsen. Str...

Abstract The Alum Shale Formation of Baltica preserves one of the most continuous and fossil-rich records for the Cambrian Period. Thus, the Alum Shale is a key sedimentary archive for refining global chronostratigraphy,...

Over more than six decades of dedicated research, Chang Meemann’s career has spanned a critical era marked by a paradigm shift in vertebrate evolution studies. Beginning in the 1950s, inspired by the pioneering ichthyo...

Abstract The Eocene–Oligocene transition was the crucial turning point when Earth’s climate shifted to its current icehouse state. Understanding how the marine biosphere responded during this transition is not well-c...

Abstract The bony palate of palaeognaths was long thought to retain the plesiomorphic condition for crown birds, but recent fossil evidence suggests that aspects of palaeognath palate morphology are derived from a neogna...

Abstract Background The residential building sector is a major contributor to Germany’s greenhouse gas emissions. Over 60 % of the energy used for space and domestic hot water heating comes from fossil fuels sources a...

Abstract The reliance on fossil-derived compounds in most conventional retanning agents faces a challenge to the sustainable development of the leather industry. Consequently, the development of environmentally friendly ...

Natural gas is a primary target for methane (CH _4 ) emissions reductions because this sector is among the largest sources of CH _4 in the United States; natural gas is a fossil fuel, so reducing gas use can also reduce ...

The extensive reliance on fossil resources for fuels and platform chemicals has raised critical concerns over resource depletion and increasing greenhouse gas emissions. To address these challenges, microalgae offer a pr...