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Background: Periodontitis combined with orthodontic treatment creates a complex inflammatory and biomechanical microenvironment in gingival tissue, where macrophages play pivotal roles in tissue remodeling and immune reg...

Protein misfolding and aggregation into amyloid fibrils (AFs) are critical issues associated with protein stability during food processing and storage, as well as with pathological damage in organisms. Hen egg white lyso...

Abstract Bacteria adjust their metabolism to the cellular energy state. AMP-forming acetyl-CoA-synthetase AcsA generates acetyl-CoA from acetate, ATP and CoA. In Bacilli, including Bacillus subtilis and Geobacillus stear...

Maintaining B-cell tolerance – the elimination of self-reactive B-cells – is literally a life-long challenge because the B-cell receptor mutates to generate millions of new variants during each immune response in the...

Abstract Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignant tumor characterized by high incidence and mortality, and its complex pathogenesis necessitates the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investi...

O músculo estriado esquelético é formado pela associação de fibras musculares com a matriz extracelular. Esse tecido possui alta plasticidade e o conhecimento das características morfológicas, da miogênese, e da ...

Microalgae are promising platforms for CO2 mitigation. However, high CO2 exposure can impose physiological and environmental constraints, such as acidification and disruption of cellular homeostasis, which impair sensiti...

Abstract Recent advancements in single-cell DNA methylation (scDNAm) sequencing technologies have enabled the profiling of epigenetic landscapes at unprecedented resolution, offering insights into cellular heterogeneity,...

ABSTRACT Epithelial and endothelial monolayers maintain homeostasis by adapting to physiological stimuli and injury through conversion processes that remain incompletely understood. Using human umbilical vein endothelial...

Abstract Background Circadian rhythms are endogenous, transcription-translation feedback loops that align cellular activities with the 24-h light–dark cycle. Stem-cell populations across tissues exhibit circadian oscil...

Abstract Automobile cabin air filter-deposited particulate matter represents an underappreciated exposure source, yet the differential toxicity between filter sides and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we syst...

Abstract Transcriptional regulation, critical for cellular differentiation and adaptation to environmental changes, involves coordinated interactions among DNA sequences, regulatory proteins, and chromatin architecture. ...

Abstract Background Hyperosmotic shock and the resulting cell volume compression are commonly experienced by organs such as the kidneys, causing rapid formation of hyperosmotic phase separation (HOPS) condensates in the ...

Tropomyosin is an actin-binding protein (ABP) which protects actin filaments from cofilin-mediated disassembly. Distinct tropomyosin isoforms have long been hypothesized to differentially sort to subcellular actin networ...

Oligodendrocytes (OLG) are the cells resident in the CNS responsible for myelination. OLG undergo a succession of morphological and molecular changes along several maturational stages. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a 25- to 35-K...

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy has redefined cancer treatment. However, the molecular and cellular basis of immune evasion and therapeutic resistance remains incompletely understood. Early immune checkpoint inhibitors hav...

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a widespread environmental pollutant, has been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic degenerative diseases. Environmental pollutants have recently been recognized as emerging risk f...

Background: Barrett's esophagus (BE) represents a critical precancerous lesion arising from chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), with significant risk of progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Despite advan...

Abstract Background Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is one of the common pathological subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, which poses significant treatment challenges due to poor response to conventional therapie...

BackgroundMast cells are abundant throughout the lung, positioned near the airway epithelium, vasculature, and interstitium where they function as frontline sentinels to inhaled environmental and chemical stimuli. Throug...

Chronic pain is a significant global health burden often resistant to conventional analgesics. Evidence implicates that mitochondrial dysfunction is not only a cellular consequence of injury, but also a fundamental drive...

Abstract Background Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) comprise a heterogeneous group of developmental disorders with diverse genetic etiologies. However, it remains unclear whether these geneti...

Abstract Transcriptomics enables comprehensive, multiplexed characterization of cellular states, yet prevailing methods typically require cell fixation or lysis, precluding longitudinal analysis of RNA expression in livi...

Proteins are fundamental biological macromolecules responsible for a wide range of cellular functions. Traditionally, a central paradigm linked the amino acid sequence to a unique, ordered three-dimensional structure tha...