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Melanosuchus niger (Crocodylia, Alligatoroidea) is one of the six living caimanine species widely distributed throughout the Amazon River basin today. Although there is only one extant species of Melanosuchus, fossil mat...

The aim of the present study was to discover how intergenerational undernutrition affects the growth of major and minor functional cranial components in two generations of rats. Control animals constituted the parental g...

With the discoveries of new hominin fossils from historically well-studied as well as poorly sampled regions, and thanks to great advances in paleogenetic studies, Asian paleoanthropology has now entered a new phase of r...

The Middle Pleistocene hominin fossil record is taxonomically diverse, with Homo sapiens, Homo neanderthalesis, Homo naledi, and Homo erectus, all existing at various times during this period. These species are generally...

The braincases of the abelisaurid theropod dinosaurs Abelisauruscomahuensis and Aucasaurus garridoi are described and compared. These two taxa share the presence of a floccular recess that is ‘8’-shaped, the absence ...

Background and purpose: Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) for esophageal cancer requires large planning target volume (PTV) margins to account for interfraction variations, increasing radiation-associated side-effects. Co...

The Iwo Eleru skeleton is the only Pleistocene human fossil currently known from Western Africa. Previously, we showed morphological affinities of the Iwo Eleru cranial remains with Pleistocene archaic African specimens,...

The hindlimbs of Accipitriformes are vital for capturing prey. Research on hindlimb musculature has primarily focused on species preferring avian and mammalian prey, whereas piscivorous species have received limited atte...

Many of Earth's most biodiverse and biogeochemically active aquatic ecosystems—including groundwater karst systems, turbid estuaries and the deep ocean—are perpetually dark and hydraulically complex, making long-term...

In this study, we analyzed peripheral nerve anomalies in 15 anuran species spanning multiple developmental stages. Anatomical examinations focused on both the central nervous system—including the olfactory bulbs, telen...

ABSTRACT In veterinary medicine, there are few descriptions in scientific literature referring ultrasound techniques in the cervical region of mules and donkeys. Based on patterns observed in horses, ultrasound-guided in...

Two species of grey foxes are recognized in the Southern Cone of America: Lycalopex griseus, and L. gymnocercus, which were traditionally separated by size and some cranial differences. Morphometric analyses of the skull...