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Abstract Background Necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) in the pug dogs is a fatal neuroinflammatory disease associated with rapid progression and poor response to conventional immunosuppressive therapy. Diagnosis is t...

Early recognition and prompt specific treatment are crucial factors influencing the outcome of pa- tients with acute encephalitis. The aim of this study was to determine the main causes of acute encephalitis in our popul...

Abstract Background Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV, Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis) is an arbovirus of the family Flaviviridae. It is the etiological agent of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), a severe disease affectin...

Abstract Introduction Enterovirus A71 (EV71)–associated encephalitis lacks targeted neuroprotective therapy. Experimental data implicate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ferroptosis in neuronal injury. We tested w...

Abstract Feline morbillivirus (FeMV) is a recently discovered morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae, which include several highly contagious viruses with zoonotic potential. In this case report we describe the dete...

The prevalence of caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) infection in dairy goat herds from Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, was estimated, and the predisposing factors to the infection were identified. An epidemiologic ...

Estudou-se a capacidade do vírus da artrite-encefalite dos caprinos (CAEV) infectar o feto ou o cabrito neonato pela via de transmissão transplacentária ou no momento do parto. Foram utilizados 26 cabritos recém-nasc...

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a cause of euvolemic hyponatremia. Neoplasms, infections and some drugs are the most frequent reasons of SIADH. Brucella melitensis is an infectious...

St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is endemic in the Americas and its transmission networks involve Culex mosquitoes and avian species. In 2015, a human encephalitis outbreak took place in Arizona and California, indica...

Integrative proteome-wide virtual screening offers a powerful route to discover broad-spectrum antivirals against emerging flaviviruses, for which no approved therapeutics currently exist. Here, we address this gap by co...

Recurrent polychondritis (RP) is a rare systemic autoimmune disorder that rarely involves the central nervous system (CNS). This report describes a 68-year-old male RP patient who was admitted with bilateral auricular sw...

Encephalitis in immunocompromised individuals presents a unique diagnostic and treatment challenge due to the interplay between infection and immune dysregulation.A 48-year-old male with a history of recurrent sinusitis ...

Abstract Background Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a rare but potentially fatal opportunistic infection in non-HIV immunocompromised patients, particularly after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT)....

The Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic pathogen known for causing severe illnesses in both animals and humans, including encephalitis and respiratory issues. In this study, we present a nonlinear system of ordinary differen...

Abstract Human herpesviruses exhibit diverse pathogenic outcomes and the molecular reasons are not fully understood. Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) causes exanthema subitum and encephalitis, whereas the closely related HH...

Abstract Brain pericytes are mediators of neuroinflammation, as evidenced in vitro, in animal models and humans. We and others have identified the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB -PDGF receptor beta (PDGFRB) pat...

BackgroundThe toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can affect nearly all organ systems. Although previous studies have examined specific types of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated...

Dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive combined immunodeficiency marked by severe atopy, recurrent viral and bacterial infections, high immunoglobulin E, eosinophilia, and lymphopenia...

Abstract Infectious disease diagnostics has been transformed by metagenomic next‐generation sequencing (mNGS), an unbiased approach that detects bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites in a single assay. By sequencing ...

IntroductionThe immune system is recognized as participating in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disease and there is renewed interest in identifying biomarkers of this immune activation. MethodsWe measured serum and c...

BackgroundCommon variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is diagnosed at ages ≥4 years with hypogammaglobulinemia across more than two immunoglobulin classes, leading to impaired vaccine responses, frequent infectious, autoim...

The diagnosis of bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) encephalitis is confirmed after death by laboratory methods applied to brain fragments. Alternative methods to confirm ante-mortem diagnosis are important because the diseas...

IL-12Rβ1 deficiency is thought to be the most common etiology of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT...