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Abstract Cartilage and synovium are essential tissues involved in joint-related diseases and traits, including osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and human height. Although genome-wide association studies (G...

Abstract Therapeutic resistance remains a major cause of treatment failure and disease recurrence across cancer types, considerably limiting the long-term efficacy of chemotherapies, targeted therapies, and immunotherapi...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease around the world, with at least 40% global prevalence. Although genetic susceptibility contributes to disease risk...

Abstract A key factor contributing to the success of Darwin and Wallace’s theory of biological evolution by natural selection was its population-level perspective. This conceptual framework was not immediately adopted,...

Abstract The food enzyme subtilisin (EC 3.4.21.62) is produced with the genetically modified Bacillus licheniformis strain NZYM‐CB by Novozymes A/S. The safety of this food enzyme was evaluated previously and it did no...

Abstract The food enzyme triacylglycerol lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) is produced with the genetically modified Aspergillus oryzae strain NZYM‐AL by Novozymes A/S. The safety of this food enzyme was evaluated previously and it ...

Abstract The food enzyme triacylglycerol lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) is produced with the genetically modified Aspergillus oryzae strain NZYM‐FL by Novozymes A/S. The safety of this food enzyme was evaluated previously, and it...

Abstract The food enzyme glucan 1,4‐α‐glucosidase (4‐α‐d‐glucan glucohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.3) is produced with the genetically modified Trichoderma reesei strain DP‐Nzh109 by Genencor International B.V. The g...

Abstract The food enzyme glucan 1,4‐α‐maltotetraohydrolase (4‐α‐D‐glucan maltotetraohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.60) is produced with the genetically modified Bacillus licheniformis strain DP‐Dzf95 by Genencor inter...

The Middle Pleistocene hominin fossil record is taxonomically diverse, with Homo sapiens, Homo neanderthalesis, Homo naledi, and Homo erectus, all existing at various times during this period. These species are generally...

In poorly known groups for which data are insufficient to develop biologically plausible model-based approaches to phylogeographical analyses, a ‘first hypotheses’ protocol is suggested as offering the best way to ge...

Stylosanthes hippocampoides, a native legume forage species, was first studied by our research team in 2016 to assess genetic variability in natural populations in northeastern Argentina. Recurrent fires in the following...

Abstract Genetic interaction and protein-protein interaction networks have proved among the most important tools for inference of gene function and genotype-phenotype relationship. It remains unclear, however, how these ...

Abstract The food enzyme containing leucyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1), oryzin (EC 3.4.21.63) and aspergillopepsin I (EC 3.4.23.18) activities is produced with the non‐genetically modified Aspergillus sp. strain AE‐...

Abstract The food enzyme with two declared activities, bacillolysin (EC 3.4.24.28) and subtilisin (EC 3.4.21.62) is produced with the non‐genetically modified Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain AR‐383 by AB Enzymes Gm...

Abstract The food enzyme arabinan endo‐1,5‐α‐l‐arabinanase (5‐α‐l‐arabinan 5‐α‐l‐arabinanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.99) is produced with the non‐genetically modified Aspergillus tubingensis strain ARS ...

Abstract The food enzyme containing cellulase (1,4‐(1,3;1,4)‐β‐d‐glucan‐4‐glucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.4) and endo‐1,3(4)‐β‐glucanase (3‐(1,3,1,4)‐β‐d‐glucan 3(4)‐glucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.6...

Abstract The food enzyme pectin lyase (1,4‐6‐O‐methyl‐α‐D‐galacturonan lyase; EC 4.2.2.10) is produced with the non‐genetically modified Aspergillus luchuensis strain LC‐07 by Shin Nihon Chemical Co., Lt...

The main concepts presented in this review are that sleep is not a function but a state diverse from the waking one. A lot of physiologic functions are carried out during sleep, cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, se...

Background: Histone methylation modifies the epigenetic state of target genes to regulate gene expression in the context of developmental and environmental changes. Previously, we used a positive genetic screen to identi...

The fragmentary early Homo fossil record represents a temporally expansive and complex lineage that is morphologically and geographically diverse. This large amount of variation, which also captures the transition period...

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in cell processes and are good candi-dates for cancer risk prediction. Few studies have investigated the association between individual genotypes and lncRNA expression. Here w...

Controlling nonlinear pulse propagation in optical fibers is paramount for applications spanning spectroscopy and optical communication networks. However, the inherent complexity of laser pulse evolution in matter, shape...