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BackgroundSurgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is an essential part of perioperative care, yet adherence to recommended practices varies across surgical categories. Differences in antibiotic choice and duration between ...

ABSTRACT Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major occupational hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs), particularly in low‐resource settings. Timely and appropriate post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP) i...

Purpose: To investigate the prospects for prevention of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) through vitamin D supplementation in risk groups. Material/Methods: A targeted review of the scientific literature by keywords in t...

Abstract Background Prophylactic medications are commonly used to prevent tuberculosis and opportunistic infections in people living with HIV (PLWH) who are on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, their cumu...

BackgroundCatheter-related thrombosis (CRT) is a common complication following central venous catheter (CVC) placement in patients with cancer, increasing mortality and adverse outcomes. However, robust evidence on optim...

Daniele Focosi,1 Massimo Franchini,2 Arturo Casadevall3 1North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy; 2Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantua, Italy; 3D...

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) guideline implementation varies widely across countries as a result of differences in health systems, resources, and HIV priorities. Since 2016, oral PrEP has been available t...

Abstract Objective Preeclampsia is a major cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Our objective is to assess the performance of a combined screening test for preeclampsia in the first trimester and th...

Intensive immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplant patients increases the risk for infectious diseases. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection is one of these infectious diseases and can occur either primarily or wi...

Mastocytosis is a rare myeloproliferative disease caused by excessive proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in the skin and internal organs. The most common variant of mastocytosis in children is cutaneous mastocy...

Animal-bite and scratch visits to the emergency department (ED) often require time-sensitive decisions on rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) alongside tetanus prevention. In China, recent national standards and local...

Abstract Trypanosoma cruzi infection in dogs can cause heart failure and sudden death with few treatment options available. A litter of 4 dogs living in a T cruzi endemic area were randomized to prophylaxis and nonprophy...

Abstract Background Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare, potentially life-threatening genetic disorder that is caused by C1-inhibitor (C1INH) deficiency or dysfunction. This scoping review sought to map recent advances...

Abstract The effect of four diets on the performance of Dorper lambs that were artificially mix-infected with 1000 infective larvae (L3) of Haemonchus contortus and 1000 L3 of Trichostrongylus colubriformis every three d...

ABSTRACT Background and Aim The introduction of radiation in medicine has led to significant breakthroughs in diagnostic, interventional, and therapeutic practices. However, the increasing demand for medical radiation ha...

Double lumen catheters, used as temporary vascular access for hemodialysis, may cause serious infectious complications. Fifty-six patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) or acute renal failure (ARF), requiring tempo...

Immune dysregulation can lead to autoimmunity and autoinflammation. The goal of treatment is to balance targeted therapies while avoiding infections or other side effects, which becomes complicated with multiple diagnose...

SASH3 deficiency is an X-linked combined immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent sinopulmonary, cutaneous, and mucosal infections, refractory autoimmune cytopenia, and immune dysregulation. We report here the first t...

Abstract Objective Streptococcus agalactiae is an important pathogen in neonates and pregnant women. Neonatal invasive infections due to S. agalactiae are life-threatening and preventive strategies for this challenge o...

ABSTRACT Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis that poses a devastating and specific threat to immunocompromised cancer patients, who are heavily reliant on antibiotics to navigate high‐...

BackgroundPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) management relies on mucociliary clearance to prevent bronchiectasis. While humoral immunodeficiencies have been reported in PCD, their clinical significance remains under-defin...