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Two criteria for the spectra of relativistic waves are proposed. Zero-point radiation provides the identity representation of the conformal group in Minkowski spacetime. Thermal radiation provides the irreducible represe...

Context. Many low-redshift active galactic nuclei harbor a supermassive black hole accreting matter at low or medium rates. At such rates, the accretion flow usually consists of a cold optically thick disk, plus a hot, l...

A pressing issue in materials science is the controlled application of ceramic composite materials at high temperatures in modern technologies, particularly in nuclear physics, atomic energy, aerospace, and rocket engine...

Driven by satellite remote sensing observations, deep learning models provide a promising solution for the rapid estimation of subsurface thermohaline structures. By learning from large-scale paired surface–subsur...

Radiative sky cooling reduces the temperature of a system by promoting heat exchange with the sky; its key advantage is that no input energy is required. We will review the origins of radiative sky cooling from ancient t...

Subsurface temperature uncertainty represents a major risk in geothermal drilling, particularly in volcanic systems where permeability, lithology, and fluid circulation create highly heterogeneous thermal regimes. This s...

Abstract This paper initiates the systematic study of thermal field theory for generic equilibrium density matrices, which feature arbitrary values not only of temperature and chemical potentials, but also of average ang...

This study presents a simulation-based evaluation of a hybrid fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature estimation framework combining the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and unscented Kalman filter (UKF) for electric vehicle (...

This study investigates the blood-based peristaltic flow of magnetite nanoparticles influenced by temperature-dependent electrical conductivity and the Hall current. The analysis of thermal transmission takes into accoun...

Abstract The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; ∼56 Ma) was a period of extreme global warming associated with a massive influx of isotopically light carbon into the ocean–atmosphere system. The burning of Pa...

HD 195592 is an O-type supergiant star, known as a well-established runaway. Recently, a Fermi γ-ray source (2FGL J2030.7+4417) with a position compatible with that of HD 195592 has been reported. Our goal is to explore...

ABSTRACT The formation of stray grains (SGs) remains a critical and pervasive challenge hindering the additive manufacturing (AM) of single crystals for high‐temperature aerospace applications. Here, we elucidate the m...

Abstract Thermal stress in electric two-wheeler hub motors is a major bottleneck affecting drivetrain reliability, safety, and efficiency—especially under varied terrain, aggressive riding profiles, and sensor reliabil...

Abstract As global warming continues, the Earth's cryosphere is experiencing severe degradation. This study leverages a novel combination of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and artificial intelligence to monitor and d...

Abstract While the ultra‐low velocity zones (ULVZs) may hold key information about deep Earth dynamics, their elusive state and origin remain enigmatic. Recent high‐pressure experiments suggest that ULVZs may origina...

Aluminum (Al), a commonly used reactive metals, is widely applied in reactive material systems. However, its relatively low reactivity restricts the energy release of systems. To improve the reactivity of aluminum, we in...

Porous ammonium nitrate is frequently used for specific applications due to its porous structure when compared with conventional ammonium nitrate, however, its higher transportation costs increase overall operational exp...

Abstract The storm‐time temperature difference with respect to its quiet‐time expectation (ΔT) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere were studied during the extreme storms on 2024 Mother's Day and 2003 Halloween ...

Abstract Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) offer new possibilities to monitor accurately the rotor temperature. Dozens of sensors can be mounted in series in a single fiber and used to measure the temperature in several points...

Abstract Permafrost degradation causes irreversible damage to Arctic civil infrastructure and threatens the broader pan-Arctic economy. Currently, the lack of community-scale, geomechanics-based mapping of Arctic infrast...

Abstract We theoretically investigate the thermoelectric transport properties of a hybrid device consisting of a quantum dot (QD) coupled to a ferromagnetic lead and a p-wave, spin-triplet superconducting electrode. We f...

Infrared thermal radiation signals are highly susceptible to environmental interference, leading to dynamic fluctuations. Consequently, weak targets are frequently submerged in heavy clutter backgrounds under extreme sce...

To investigate the effect of boron nitride (BN) content on the explosion performance of on-site mixed emulsion explosives, the microstructure of BN-containing on-site mixed emulsion explosives were characterized by trans...

Abstract During the 2023/2024 austral summer, the quasi‐two‐day (QTDW) with westward zonal wavenumber 3 (W3) abnormally reached its maximum amplitude at the December solstice (22 December 2023) for the first time in ...