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HER2-low breast cancer, defined as immunohistochemistry (IHC) 1+ or 2+ with negative in situ hybridization (ISH), has emerged as a clinically relevant therapeutic subgroup. We report the case of a 40-year-old woman with ...

Abstract Background Serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin is routinely measured as a pregnancy marker in women of reproductive age prior to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Although a positive result commonly ...

Introduction: Neonatal intussusception is a rare cause of bowel obstruction, particularly in preterm infants, and may mimic necrotizing enterocolitis. When a lead point is identified, Meckel's diverticulum is among the m...

IntroductionMacular Telangiectasia type 1 is a congenital vascular disorder primarily affecting males, characterized by unilateral exudative lesions on the temporal macula. Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy is commonly used...

Background: Thyroid cancer is one of the most prevalent endocrine neoplasms in Brazil, and radioiodine therapy (RAI) is a well-established adjuvant treatment. However, managing RAI can be particularly challenging in pati...

Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is an X-linked recessive lysosomal storage metabolic disorder caused by pathogenic mutations in the iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) gene. Herein, we report the case of a 2-year-old male...

Abstract Background Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is an extremely rare, slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by episodic neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Diagnosis is challen...

Obinutuzumab is a humanized type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. It is widely used in B-cell malignancies and is increasingly being explored in autoimmune diseases...

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a well-established genetic risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, though its role as a prothrombotic risk factor remains only partially understood. We report the case of a 64-ye...

Abstract Background Small cell carcinoma is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy that most commonly arises in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, or pancreas. Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the en...

Abstract Background A frequent electrolyte imbalance, hypocalcaemia can cause anything from asymptomatic symptoms to potentially fatal neuromuscular and cardiac symptoms. Tetany, carpopedal spasm, and ECG abnormalities s...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. While primarily affecting the respiratory system, neurological involvement and thromboembolic complications have also been doc...

Introduction: Spigelian hernia-cryptorchidism syndrome is an exceptionally rare congenital association, with fewer than 100 pediatric cases reported since it was first described by Schoofs in 1895 and an estimated incide...

Abstract Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a common disorder that has an association with fibromyalgia. The connection between the two is incompletely understood but may be due to specific neurotrans...

Introduction: Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, typically affects the liver and lungs. Isolated retroperitoneal involvement is extremely rare, especially in children. Case presentation: An 8-year-old gi...

BackgroundAbdominal primary Ewing sarcoma (ES) is extremely rare and carries a dismal prognosis when metastatic. First-line therapy typically involves multi-agent regimens like VDC/IE, with irinotecan-based combinations ...

Abstract Background Primary cardiac angiosarcoma is a rare and malignant tumor that most often arises in the right atrium causing significant inflow obstruction and circulatory disruption. Owing to its location, it is mo...

Introduction: Rectal atresia is a rare form of anorectal malformation characterized by a normally developed anal canal and sphincter complex; however, despite this favorable anatomy, the optimal surgical approach remains...

Introduction: Retroperitoneal ciliated foregut cysts are a rare developmental anomaly arising from abnormal budding of the primitive foregut, with only a few cases documented in the literature. Case presentation: A 5-mon...

Introduction: Complete traumatic disruption of the anorectal sphincter in children is rare and surgically challenging. High-grade penetrating injuries with delayed presentation and heavy fecal contamination carry signifi...

Abstract Background Mirogabalin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) are frequently used as supportive purpose during and/or after chemotherapy. Mirogabalin is used to treat neuropathic pain, whereas TMP/SMX is us...

Abstract Background Endosalpingiosis is a rare benign condition characterized by the ectopic presence of ciliated tub epithelium outside the fallopian tubes, often found in the ovaries, uterus, and other pelvic structure...

The case report aimed to present a clinical case of a 3-year-old boy, who presented first with motor delay at 3 months, later with bilateral total deafness and hypotonia, and was diagnosed as Pierpont syndrome with an au...

Abstract Background Malaria, caused by parasites of the Plasmodium genus and transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, remains a global public health issue, with a high incidence in tropical and subtropical regions. Although ...