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RationaleInborn errors of immunity (IEIs) predispose individuals to recurrent respiratory infections and immune dysregulation, which together can drive inflammatory lung complications, including interstitial lung disease...

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a severe public health issue in prison inmates in Ethiopia since there is no routine screening for TB during prison admission. Also, drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a significant p...

IntroductionSporotrichosis is an uncommon but emerging opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients. Primary pulmonary sporotrichosis can disseminate and result in significant morbidity and mortality, despite tr...

We report a rare case of 32-year-old female with malignant reninoma complicated by pulmonary metastasis and ATRX mutation (p.G1964*, VAF 23.73%), initially misdiagnosed as renal pelvic carcinoma and treated with radical ...

BackgroundMast cells are abundant throughout the lung, positioned near the airway epithelium, vasculature, and interstitium where they function as frontline sentinels to inhaled environmental and chemical stimuli. Throug...

Abstract Nationwide follow-up studies of long-term post-acute COVID-19 sequelae compared with sequelae of other infections have been lacking. Using nationwide registers, we analyzed all SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results, presc...

Abstract Background Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is commonly associated with orthopedic trauma, but the diagnosis is challenging with an uncommon nontraumatic cause. It is difficult to discriminate from thrombo-embolism i...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant global public health challenge, with its high incidence and mortality rates imposing a substantial socioeconomic burden. Tribbles family proteins (TRIB1, TRIB2, and T...

Rationale: Stigma has a profound effect on the well-being and treatment outcomes of people with tuberculosis (PWTB). Despite its negative effects, TB-related stigma remains underexplored in high-burden TB settings such a...

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung needle biopsy (US-PLNB) is a pivotal diagnostic technique for subpleural pulmonary lesions, offering significant advantages such as real-time imaging, absence of ionizing radiation, an...

The lung, and more specifically the airway epithelium, is continuously exposed to a wide range of inhaled environmental agents. Acting as a frontline physical and biochemical barrier, the airway epithelium orchestrates e...

ObjectivesTo characterize swallowing impairment and aspiration risk in patients recovering from acute respiratory events and to identify clinical, functional, and anatomical predictors of airway invasion with a specific ...

IntroductionSystemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated lung disease (sJIA-LD) is a rare, potentially fatal complication of sJIA, often accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) and macrophage activation syndrom...

ABSTRACT Background Determining right ventricular (RV) volume typically requires three‐dimensional imaging due to its complex shape. The ellipsoid model offers a two‐dimensional alternative, employing area‐ or line...

IntroductionThe global prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is increasing. Individuals with NTM-PD frequently develop chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, which is associated with poor clini...

Abstract Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to data from the World Health Organization, this disease remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although it mo...

Abstract An approximately 1‐year‐old male intact Shih Tzu dog was referred to a tertiary facility with a history of progressive tachypnea, increased respiratory effort, and weight loss over a 3‐month period that fa...

Chest X-ray (CXR) interpretation is essential for diagnosing pulmonary diseases, yet manual reading remains slow and prone to human error, especially in high-volume or resource-limited settings. To address delayed diagno...

α1-Antitrypsin (AAT) is a serine protease inhibitor responsible forregulating proteinases' activity in the blood. α1-Antitrypsin deficiencyis a result of SERPINA 1 gene mutation and it is one of the most commongenetic ...

ABSTRACT Among the diseases that cause dyspnea in felines, primary pulmonary neoplasia is rare and tends to affect senile cats. This study reports the case of a seven teen year old FeLV infected cat who was diagnosed aci...

OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular diseases are prevalent in asymptomatic chronic hemodialysis patients. New cardiac biomarkers are required for early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. In our study, we aimed to investigate as...

ABSTRACT Respiratory diseases have a major impact on sport horses and are often cited as the second most common reason for loss of training days and significant veterinary costs. Adult horses most commonly develop pneumo...

BackgroundFibrinous bronchitis, also known as plastic bronchitis, is a rare airway disorder characterized by branching bronchial casts that replicate the architecture of the bronchial tree. Adult cases are uncommon and f...

BackgroundSolid organ transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage organ diseases, including renal, hepatic, cardiac, and pulmonary failure (1). Long-term graft survival depends on sustained immunosuppression;...