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Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a life-threatening malignancy with a poor prognosis, remains diagnostically challenging due to the limited sensitivity and specificity of traditional imaging in differentiating malignant from be...

Background: Delirium is a psychiatric syndrome prevalent in elderly patients. According to the DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 it is characterized by a disturbance in awareness, orientation and attention. Treating delirium is diffic...

Gianluca Nicolai,1 Francesco Campanella,1 Sergio Alexandre Gehrke,2,* Antonio Scarano3,* 1Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; 2Department of Biotechnology, Univer...

Introduction. Generalized granuloma annulare (GGA) is characterized by a chronic course and a poor response to treatment. So far cases of GGA coexisting with diabetes, hyperlipidemia, thyroid diseases and malignant neo...

ObjectivePediatric direct inguinal hernia (DIH) is an extremely rare congenital abdominal wall defect, accounting for less than 4% of all pediatric inguinal hernias. Its clinical manifestations overlap highly with indire...

BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons, which results in motor issues such as tremors, stiffness, and slowness of movement. In additio...

Bashir Dahir Ahmed,1 Mohamed Hassan Mohamud,2 Omar Sidow Zubair,3 Mohamed Abdi Warsame,4 Tigad Abdisad Ali5 1Department of Orthopedics, Madina Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia; 2Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Zamzam Univer...

Abstract Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), caused by mutations in genes such as EDAR, is a genetic disorder characterized by hypodontia, hypotrichosis, and hypohidrosis. Dental anomalies in HED patients lead to fu...

Introduction: Olfactory Reference Syndrome (ORS) is a rare, under-recognized, and understudied psychiatric condition characterized by a persistent belief about the perceived odor, ideas of reference, and engagement in re...

Horner’s syndrome is a rare complication of thyroid surgery and is most commonly reported as a complication associated with lateral neck dissection. We present the case of a 46-year-old woman who developed a partial Ho...

Background/Aim: Root resorption (RR) refers to a cellular response resulting in loss of hard and soft dental tissue due to injury, irritation of the periodontal ligament, and/or tooth pulp. Typically, it is considered a ...

Introduction. Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a rare disease characterized by complications of herpes zoster oticus. This syndrome is defined by characteristic skin lesions with paresis of the facial and/or vestibulocochlear n...

Abstract IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic inflammatory condition marked by tissue infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells, often resulting in fibrosis. While IgG4-RD commonly affects organs such as the pan...

Introduction. Rowell’s syndrome is a rare subtype of subacute lupus erythematosus associated with erythema multiforme-like skin lesions, positive antinuclear antibodies and anti-Ro/La-antibodies. Objective . To pr...

Histologically similar to both in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an uncommon and excessively aggressive subtype of primary salivary gland carcinoma. The salivary gland ...

Introduction: Adrenal hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors of the adrenal gland and are most often discovered incidentally during imaging studies performed for unrelated conditions. Case presentation: We report th...

Abstract Background Brain tumors during pregnancy are rare and pose unique challenges in diagnosis, management, and anesthetic care. This report is novel owing to the rare coexistence of a giant anaplastic oligodendrogli...

Abstract Background Collagenous fibroma (CF), also known as desmoplastic fibroblastoma, is a rare benign fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumor characterized by FOSL1/FOS rearrangements. CF typically presents as a solitary, ...

Abstract Background Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is a severe, systemic inflammatory dermatosis. While kidney involvement is rare, the massive cytokine release associated with EP can induce systemic complications. We repo...

Tsung-Kun Lin,1,2,* Chih-Feng Chang,3,* Gwo-Ping Jong4,5 1Department of Pharmacy, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; 2School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical University,...

Abstract Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis of childhood and the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. Infants frequently present with incomplete diseas...

Abstract Background Holmes tremor (HT) is a rare, symptomatic movement disorder characterized by a low-frequency tremor present at rest, with postural and intentional components. It is typically caused by combined lesion...

Abstract Background Pilonidal sinus disease typically occurs in the sacrococcygeal region, with the intermammary location being exceptionally rare. We report the first documented case of an intermammary pilonidal sinus f...

Abstract Background Eosinophilic fasciitis is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by fascial inflammation and eosinophil infiltration. Thromboembolic complications in eosinophilic fasciitis are uncommon and p...