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Abstract Corollary discharge denotes internal signals about the expected sensory consequences of one’s own actions, leading to reduced sensory responses to self-generated stimulation. To investigate the underlying neur...

Abstract Background The insular cortex (IC), a pivotal hub for pain signal integration, projects extensively to the thalamus. However, the functional role of its specific projection to the central medial thalamic nucleus...

Abstract Granuloprival degeneration is an uncommon form of cerebellar cortical degeneration (CCD). A 3‐month‐old Yorkshire Terrier and a 7‐month‐old Lagotto Romagnolo dog were presented with a history of progress...

During aging, the brain undergoes changes that impair cognitive capacity and circuit plasticity, including a marked decrease in production of adult-born hippocampal neurons. It is unclear whether development and integrat...

Brain-inspired neuromorphic computing systems require hardware components analogous to biological neurons and synapses. Honey based natural organic memristor has demonstrated promising nonvolatile memristive behaviors, w...

In the growing diversity of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived models of brain development, we present here a novel method that exhibits 3D cortical layer formation in a reproducible topography of minimal...

Background The role of human lineage mutations (HLMs) in human evolution through post-transcriptional modification is unclear.Aims To investigate the contribution of HLMs to human evolution through post-transcriptional m...

Horner Syndrome results from an interruption of the sympathetic innervation of the eye. This pathway is a chain of three neurons which originate in the hypothalamus, travels down to spinal cord at the level of lower cerv...

Abstract Mutations in the CYFIP2 gene, particularly the R87C variant, are associated with severe epileptic encephalopathy, and present challenges for therapeutic development. This study utilized CRISPR/Cas9-edited human ...

Abstract Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) play a crucial role in intercellular communication, enabling transfer of molecular cargoes over long distances between connected cells. Previous studies have demonstrated efficient, di...

BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to a spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms. In addition to the motor deficits...

In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a spontaneous model of type 1 diabetes (T1D), recent evidence suggests that Schwann cells (Scs) and neurons surrounding insulin-producing β cells of the islets of Langerhans are de...

Females of the South American plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus, show peculiar reproductive features such as massive polyovulation up to 800 oocytes per estrous cycle and an ovulatory process around mid-gestation arisi...

BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons, which results in motor issues such as tremors, stiffness, and slowness of movement. In additio...

ObjectiveDry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular surface disorder characterized by tear film instability and trigeminal nerve-mediated corneal hyperesthesia. Periocular acupuncture has been demonstrated to relieve DED s...

"How does the brain guide our actions? This is a complex issue, where the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a crucial role. The mPFC is essential for cognitive flexibility and decision making. These functions are rel...

Psychostimulant addiction is associated with dysfunctions in frontal cortex. Previous data demonstrated that repeated exposure to methamphetamine (METH) can alter prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent functions. Here, we sho...

ABSTRACT Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by disrupted neuronal circuit maturation. Emerging evidence implicates microglial function and mitochondrial regulation as contribut...

Abstract Half of all newborn neurons in the developing brain are removed via efferocytosis - the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells. Microglia are brain-resident professional phagocytes that play important roles in ...

Abstract Background Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), characterized by progressive accumulation of pathological Tau proteins. Among the diverse Tau species, trun...

Biological neural network functionality depends on the vast number of connections between nodes, which can be challenging to implement artificially. One radical solution is to replace physical wiring with broadcasting of...

Abstract Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) disproportionately affects children and adolescents and has been associated with poorer neurocognitive performance, but the biological mechanisms driving symptom variability an...

Abstract The present study was conducted to elucidate the neuronal pathways between peripheral olfactory and taste sensilla and the synganglion in an Ixodidae tick species. The tarsus of the front legs (olfactory nerves)...

Radioligands for DAT and VMAT2 are widely used presynaptic markers for assessing dopamine (DA) nerve terminals in Parkinson disease (PD). Previous in vivo imaging and postmortem studies suggest that these transporter sit...