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Abstract Satellite radiometers like MODIS use a bi‐spectral retrieval algorithm to simultaneously retrieve cloud optical thickness and cloud effective radius re. However, retrievals fail for liquid clouds when the re o...

Abstract Using an idealized model of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), we test whether changes in the statistical properties of an AMOC time series can reveal Critical Slowing Down (CSD) and serve a...

Abstract Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical process influencing energy, water, and carbon cycles. Numerous methods have been developed to estimate ET accurately and robustly across diverse scales. Many of these method...

Abstract Observation‐based simulations of the ionosphere were performed with the NRLMSISE‐00 model for six locations around the globe during 1–9 February 2022, which includes the so‐called Starlink Storm. Unlike ...

Einstein's General Theory of Relativity leads to two remarkable predictions: first, that the ultimate destiny of many massive stars is to undergo gravitational collapse and to disappear from view, leaving behind a 'black...

Recently, it has been proposed by Maldacena that large N limits of certain conformal field theories in d dimensions can be described in terms of supergravity (and string theory) on the product of d 4-1dimensional AdS spa...

Nos\'e has modified Newtonian dynamics so as to reproduce both the canonical and the isothermal-isobaric probability densities in the phase space of an N-body system. He did this by scaling time (with s) and distance (wi...

It has been recognized for some time that the spontaneous emission by atoms is not necessarily a fixed and immutable property of the coupling between matter and space, but that it can be controlled by modification of the...

Three recently proposed constant temperature molecular dynamics methods by: (i) Nosé (Mol. Phys., to be published); (ii) Hoover et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 1818 (1982)], and Evans and Morriss [Chem. Phys. 77, 63 (1983)...

New evidence and consensus has led to further revision of the McDonald Criteria for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The use of imaging for demonstration of dissemination of central nervous system lesions in space and ti...

A general method, suitable for fast computing machines, for investigating such properties as equations of state for substances consisting of interacting individual molecules is described. The method consists of a modifie...

We propose a new higher-dimensional mechanism for solving the hierarchy problem. The weak scale is generated from the Planck scale through an exponential hierarchy. However, this exponential arises not from gauge interac...

An N⋅log(N) method for evaluating electrostatic energies and forces of large periodic systems is presented. The method is based on interpolation of the reciprocal space Ewald sums and evaluation of the resulting convol...

A new Lagrangian formulation is introduced. It can be used to make molecular dynamics (MD) calculations on systems under the most general, externally applied, conditions of stress. In this formulation the MD cell shape a...

Materias / palabras clave: Charge density; Charge (physics); Cluster (spacecraft); Atom (system on chip); Grid; Crystal (programming language); Point particle; Atoms in molecules; Algorithm; Chemistry; Molecule; Topology (electrical circuits)

Materias / palabras clave: Cluster analysis; Exposition (narrative); Cluster (spacecraft); Data science; Presentation (obstetrics); Focus (optics); Relevance (law); Theoretical computer science; Computer science; Physics; Artificial intelligence; ...

Materias / palabras clave: Lyapunov exponent; Attractor; Divergence (linguistics); Mathematics; Phase space; Series (stratigraphy); Lyapunov function; Chaotic; Applied mathematics; Convergence (economics); Dynamical systems theory; Statistical phy...

The standard model of hot big-bang cosmology requires initial conditions which are problematic in two ways: (1) The early universe is assumed to be highly homogeneous, in spite of the fact that separated regions were cau...

Materias / palabras clave: Computer science; Observable; Simple (philosophy); Feature (linguistics); Set (abstract data type); Complex system; Process (computing); SIGNAL (programming language); Event (particle physics); Space (punctuation); Range...

An exact derivation of the Scherrer equation is given for particles of spherical shape, values of the constant for half-value breadth and for integral breadth being obtained. Various approximation methods which have been...

A molecular dynamics simulation method which can generate configurations belonging to the canonical (T, V, N) ensemble or the constant temperature constant pressure (T, P, N) ensemble, is proposed. The physical system of...

Generalized gradient approximations (GGA's) seek to improve upon the accuracy of the local-spin-density (LSD) approximation in electronic-structure calculations. Perdew and Wang have developed a GGA based on real-space c...

Using the freedom of design that metamaterials provide, we show how electromagnetic fields can be redirected at will and propose a design strategy. The conserved fields-electric displacement field D, magnetic induction f...

The calculation of accurate electron affinities (EAs) of atomic or molecular species is one of the most challenging tasks in quantum chemistry. We describe a reliable procedure for calculating the electron affinity of an...