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One of the factors responsible for suppression of cellular and humoral immune system is essential aminoacid (EAA) deficiency in the patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) . It has been reported that the functions o...

Abstract The CRISPR–Cas9 system provides adaptive immunity against invading genetic elements through a dual-RNA-guided DNA cleavage mechanism. This system relies on the precise assembly of a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) com...

Since the 2022 global mpox outbreak, the lack of specific antibodies for mpox virus (MPXV) detection has hindered precise immunoassays due to cross-reactivity among Orthopoxviruses (OPXVs). This study developed and chara...

Abstract Background Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the clinical management of cancer due to its promising survival benefits. Although FDA-approved cancer immunotherapy primarily leverages adaptive immunity for t...

IntroductionPathogenic variants in the COPA gene are associated with autosomal-dominant autoimmune interstitial lung, joint, and kidney disease, a condition known as COPA syndrome. It is associated with a type I interfer...

BackgroundAlthough drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome are well-known complications of anti-seizure medications (ASMs), lesser-known immunologic complica...

BackgroundSolid organ transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage organ diseases, including renal, hepatic, cardiac, and pulmonary failure (1). Long-term graft survival depends on sustained immunosuppression;...

La rápida propagación del coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, agente causal de la enfermedad pandémicaemergente COVID-19 y sus nuevas variantes, requiere del compromiso de la comunidad inmunológicapara comprender la magnitud y n...

Despite the rapid creation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines, the precise correlates of immunity against severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are still unknown. Neutralizing a...

Abstract Background The ecdysone receptor (EcR) is a central regulator of mosquito physiology, best known for its role in vitellogenesis. However, its contribution to antiviral defense and dengue virus (DENV) replication...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) remains a major zoonotic threat, yet human infections continue to display striking heterogeneity in clinical severity. We report a fatal case of H5N1 pneumonia in an adult patie...

IntroductionFc-mediated antibody effector functions play key roles in both antiviral immunity and immunopathology in COVID-19. While antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotox...

BackgroundGATA2 deficiency results from heterozygous pathogenic variants in the GATA2 gene, which encodes a zinc-finger transcription factor essential for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell development. It is a highl...

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an inherited inborn error of immunity caused by low or absent Bruton tyrosine kinase activity, resulting in impaired B cell development, poor immunoglobulin production, and severe, re...

BackgroundInborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are classically identified in infants and young children with severe or recurrent infections. However, hypomorphic variants with a partial loss-of-function can remain unrecogniz...

IntroductionComplement C2 deficiency is a classical pathway defect associated with recurrent infections and autoimmunity. This case demonstrates the need for increased awareness amongst rheumatologists for the indication...

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are increasing in number, and prompt recognition and diagnosis remain a challenge for clinicians. Use of machine learning (ML) for clinical pattern recognition is promising but has been li...

Abstract Background The role of inflammation-induced myeloid-biased hematopoiesis in driving resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is recognized, yet the intricate mechanisms through which tumors orchestrate it ...

Abstract Background Finding non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who potentially benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a crucial and challenging process in immunotherapy. Investigating predictive bio...

Dimitra Peppa,1–3 Aljawharah Alrubayyi,1,4 Sanjay Bhagani1,5 1Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK; 2Mortimer Market Centre, Department of HIV, CNWL NHS Trust, London, UK; 3...

Background and AimMost infections are innocuous in most individuals, and most infectious diseases are confined to specific organs. Inborn errors of tissue-intrinsic, non-leukocytic immunity underlie some organ-specific i...

IntroductionThe ERCC2 gene, located on chromosome 19, is essential for transcription and DNA repair via its protein product, XPD. Mutations in ERCC2 cause disorders such as trichothiodystrophy-1, xeroderma pigmentosum, C...

MYB is a transcription factor and master regulator of hematopoiesis with a central role at multiple stages of B and T cell development. We identified ten heterozygous germline MYB variants in seven families and four unre...

BackgroundAutoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is an inborn error of immunity caused by loss-of-function of the AIRE gene. Lack of AIRE impairs thymic negative selection of T cells, cau...