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Abstract Background Adverse events across the lifespan have been linked to poorer health outcomes, but the biological mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to quantify the independent and joint association...

Abstract Background Delays in seeking appropriate treatment for malaria in children under five remain a major contributor to poor outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa, where multiple socioeconomic, geographic, and health-syste...

Abstract Background Pediatric habitual patellar dislocation in extension (E-HPD) is a rare and specific form of patellar dislocation with limited reports in the literature. For children with immature epiphyses, the gold ...

Abstract Background Hearing loss is one of the most significant functional impairments in children, and the burden of the disease is increasing. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the knowledge, attitudes, and pr...

Abstract Background Foreign body aspiration (FBA) may be complicated by secondary respiratory tract infection. The spectrum of pathogens associated with FBA in China remains poorly described. This study aimed to obtain c...

Abstract Background Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder frequently associated with micronutrient deficiencies and extraintestinal manifestations, including neurological complications. Restless Legs Synd...

Abstract Background Shigella species are a significant global public health threat with the highest burden of Shigella-associated diarrhoea in children under five years of age, particularly in low- and middle-income coun...

Abstract Background Diabetes is a leading cause of mortality globally and ranks as the eighth leading cause of death in the United States. Affecting approximately 8.9% of Americans, diabetes imposes a substantial public ...

Abstract Aims This study aims to analyze the clustering characteristics of health risk behaviors in adolescents with depression, and explore the mechanism of psychological resilience and depression in childhood abuse and...

Abstract Background Childhood trauma is a well-established risk factor for greater severity and poorer prognosis of bipolar depression. While anhedonia particularly in the social domain is theorized to link early adversi...

Abstract Background Childbirth can be psychologically traumatic for up to 44% of women. Determinants of a negative childbirth experience include loss of control and lack of emotional support or interaction with obstetric...

Abstract Background Bordetella pertussis (BP) infection has risen rapidly in pediatrics recently, and next-generation sequencing has significantly improved pertussis’ early diagnosis. High detection rates raise the con...

Abstract Purpose To investigate the 1-year preventive efficacy of dual-surface aberration-increasing (DSAI) lenses on axial elongation and refractive change in non-myopic children. Methods This was a 2-year randomized, c...

Abstract Background Port-A-Cath needle insertion in pediatric chemotherapy is often painful and stressing. Distraction is a non-pharmacological method of pain management in invasive procedures in children. The purpose of...

Abstract Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in children of school age. In mice with ADHD, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels were significantl...

Abstract Objective Advance care planning (ACP) is a process in which older adults with good cognitive ability communicate about end-of-life care with significant others. This study aimed to explore the intergenerational ...

Abstract Background Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder associated with congenital heart disease (CHD). However, data on CHD patterns, survival, and mortality predictors among individuals with DS i...

Abstract Background Undernutrition remains a major public health concern among HIV-positive children. Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectiveness in managing HIV, these children still face nutritio...

Abstract Background Kawasaki disease complicated with macrophage activation syndrome (KD-MAS) has the characteristics of low incidence, high rate of sequelae, and high mortality. We aims to explore early warning indicato...

Abstract Background School-aged children in low and middle-resource settings often face a high burden of preventable illnesses, yet health systems typically prioritise children under five. In 2023, 1.5 million deaths oc...