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This study investigates how renewable energy technologies—specifically electric cars, solar photovoltaics, and wind turbines—contribute to environmental security in Saudi Arabia's Hail region, with particular attenti...

This paper examines the long- and short-run relationships between innovation (INNO), carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), real economic activity (GDP), foreign direct investment (FDI), trade openness (TRAD), and renewable ene...

Achieving sustained economic growth while reducing carbon emissions remains a central challenge for China's sustainability transition. Despite the rapid expansion of renewable energy capacity and innovation activity, car...

The GCC region has long relied on its abundant natural capital for development, but this dependence has driven significant CO2 emissions at a high environmental cost. In response, GCC countries are actively diversifying ...

German transmission system operators received around 400 GW of battery storage connection requests in 2024, an enormous increase from the current 2.3 GW installed capacity. However, uncertainty remains regarding the impa...

Renewable energy is rapidly increasing in importance in the energy mix in many countries worlwide. They are a key part of the energy transition to more sustainable energy systems.Green roofs are multi-layered systems cov...

The success of energy transitions in coal-dependent economies, such as South Africa, is critical not only for reducing greenhouse gas emissions but also for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7) on affordable ...

The tension between economic expansion and climate mitigation necessitates a deeper understanding of how finance, energy demand, and innovation jointly shape carbon emissions in emerging economies. In China, rapid financ...

Environmental sustainability transitions require robust indicator-based evidence to evaluate how technological, financial, and governance factors shape progress toward carbon neutrality. However, the environmental sustai...