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Extremity fracture surgery is the standard surgical intervention for traumatic musculoskeletal injuries. The maturation of ultrasound-guided visualization techniques has facilitated the widespread application of peripher...

IntroductionWe address moral uncertainty in reinforcement learning (RL) by proposing a framework that integrates multiple ethical theories into decision-making. Existing approaches rely on single moral frameworks or hand...

BackgroundPancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment, limiting the efficacy of immunotherapy. T-cell regulation plays a pivotal role in anti-tumor immunity. However, the progno...

IntroductionStudent engagement is a pivotal element in educational psychology, significantly impacting learning outcomes and academic achievement. Traditional methods for analyzing student engagement often rely on static...

BackgroundFibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors (FGFRis) benefit selected cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) patients, yet responses remain heterogeneous and are not fully explained by canonical FGFR alterations. Cl...

BackgroundCisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a severe, dose-limiting nephrotoxicity affecting up to 30% of patients. Emerging evidence highlights ferroptosis—an iron-dependent form of regulated cell deat...

Next generation risk assessment (NGRA) demands a fundamental transformation in how toxicological test methods are validated. Traditional validation approaches, designed for animal tests and mainly for simple in vitro met...

IntroductionEarly and accurate diagnosis of skin cancer has a huge impact on the survival rate of patients and deep learning-based CNN and dermatologists' intelligence support can fasten the diagnosis not only within the...