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Two big ancient civilizations – Roman and Chinese – created important legal systems which were to influence legal development in Europe and in China respectively. Archeologic discoveries prove there has been exchange...

The Roman law doctrine res extra commercium has excluded certain objects from civil-legal transactions, some of which were related to divine service or otherwise religious purposes. The Roman law doctrine designated them...

Laws in ancient Rome concerning the use of vis stated what was considered violence and how it was penalized. The most interesting among them were the lex Cornelia de sicariis et veneficis and two Augustan laws: the lex I...

Contract as a base for the relationship between a man and a god in the ancient world is a well-known principle, especially at the centre of Christian theology. However, the concept of a cult as a contract can also be see...

This paper proposes an ontological reconstruction of citizenship grounded in a relational architecture composed of two fundamental axes: the vertical relationship between citizens and political authority, and the horizon...

Vasily III and to a greater extent Ivan the Terrible based their policies on a historical work known as Сказание о князьях владимирских (The Tale of the Princes of Vladimir). Its author attemp...

In this Special Issue we introduce the topic of citizenship in sport, a topic pursued within the 4EU+ Alliance project, Flagship 2, devoted to the theme of Europeanness: multilingualism, pluralities and citizenship. The ...