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In recent years, the computational demands of deep learning applications have necessitated the introduction of energy-efficient hardware accelerators. Optical neural networks are a promising option; however, thus far the...

Silicon photonics enables compact integrated photonic devices with versatile functionalities and mass manufacturing capability. However, the optimization of high-performance free-form optical devices is still challenging...

Photonic reservoir computing has been demonstrated to be able to solve various complex problems. Although training a reservoir computing system is much simpler compared to other neural network approaches, it still requir...

Metasurfaces, interacted with artificial intelligence, have now been motivating many contemporary research studies to revisit established fields, e.g., direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. Conventional DOA estimation ...

Electromagnetic (EM) sensing is uniquely positioned among nondestructive examination options, which enables us to see clearly targets, even when they visually invisible, and thus has found many valuable applications in s...

Machine learning (ML) and neuromorphic computing have been enforcing problem-solving in many applications. Such approaches found fertile ground in optical communications, a technological field that is very demanding in t...

Background Depression in adolescents is recognised as a global public health concern, but little is known about the trajectory of its clinical symptoms and pathogenesis. Understanding the nature of adolescents with depre...

Since its first observation in 2014, plasmoelectric potential (PEP) has drawn a great deal of research interest in all-metal optoelectronics and photochemistry. As an optical thermodynamic phenomenon induced by the elect...

Erbium doped integrated waveguide amplifier and laser prevail in power consumption, footprint, stability and scalability over the counterparts in bulk materials, underpinning the lightwave communication and large-scale s...

Integrated neuromorphic photonic circuits aim to power complex artificial neural networks (ANNs) in an energy and time efficient way by exploiting the large bandwidth and the low loss of photonic structures. However, sca...

Topological lasers have been intensively investigated as a strong candidate for robust single-mode lasers. A typical topological laser employs a single-mode topological edge state, which appears deterministically in a de...

Metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase have attracted significant attention in the domains of subwavelength optics and electromagnetics. Conventional theory predicts that the PB phase is exactly twice ...

We demonstrate a simple, femtosecond-scale wavelength tunable, subwavelength-thick nanostructure that performs efficient wavelength conversion from the infrared to the ultraviolet. The output wavelength can be tuned by v...

Background Eye movement abnormality in schizophrenia has been studied for several decades. However, patient differences in eye movements across phases of schizophrenia from eye-tracking studies have not been well documen...

Anisotropic impedance surfaces have been used to control surface wave propagation, which has benefited applications across a variety of fields including radio-frequency (RF) and optical devices, sensing, electromagnetic ...

Integrated planar lenses are critical components for analog optical information processing that enable a wide range of applications including beam steering. Conventional planar lenses require gradient index control which...

Metallic nanogaps are being widely used for sensing applications, owing to their ability to confine and enhance electromagnetic field within the hot spots. Since the enhanced field does not confine itself perfectly withi...

Tailoring the wavefronts of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) at will, especially with multifunctional integration, is of great importance in near-field photonics. However, conventional SSPP devices suffer from th...

Bipolar depression (BD-D) is both common and incredibly challenging to treat. Even treated individuals with BD-D experience depression approximately 19% of the time, and subsyndromal depression an additional 18%. This st...

Background People with schizophrenia have a high premature mortality risk. Obesity is a key potential underlying risk factor that is relatively unevaluated to date.Aims In this study, we investigated the associations of ...

Nanophotonic arithmetic circuits requiring cascaded Boolean operations are difficult to implement due to loss and footprint issues. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate plasmonic half-subtractor and demultiplexer ...