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Optical vortices (OVs) have rapidly varying spatial phase and optical energy that circulates around points or lines of zero optical intensity. Manipulation of OVs offers innovative approaches for various fields, such as ...

Spatial differentiator is the key element for edge detection, which is indispensable in image processing, computer vision involving image recognition, image restoration, image compression, and so on. Spatial differentiat...

ABSTRACT With the advancement of brain–computer interfaces (BCI), motor imagery (MI) electroencephalogram (EEG) decoding can greatly benefit from spatial filtering features derived from common spatial patterns (CSP). H...

The current commercially viable light detection and ranging systems demand continuous, full-scene, and dynamic two-dimensional point scanning, while featuring large aperture size to ensure long distance operation. Howeve...

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have found their key applications in high-sensitivity biomolecular detection and integrated photonic devices for optical communication via light manipulation at nanostructures. Despite t...

The central theme of cavity quantum electrodynamics is the coupling of a single optical mode with a single matter excitation, leading to a doublet of cavity polaritons which govern the optical properties of the coupled s...

Recently, multifunctional metasurface has showcased its powerful functionality to integrate nanoprinting and holography, and display ultracompact meta-images in near- and far-field simultaneously. Herein, we propose a tr...

ABSTRACT Analysing learners' facial expressions during learning and exploring their learning processes and emotional changes are of great significance for assisting teachers' teaching and promoting smart education. In co...

We propose and validate a method for designing a broadband variable beamsplitter using a metamaterial with subwavelength thickness. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the reflecta...

Here, we present the concept of flat-field capillary-assisted nanoparticle tracking analysis for the characterization of fast diffusing nano-objects. By combining diffusion confinement and spatially invariant illuminatio...

The research on terahertz wave manipulation based on metasurfaces has gradually deepened, and the number of functions or electromagnetic control dimensions in a single device is constantly increasing. For the spatial dim...

In analogy with spatial multilayers, we put forward the idea of Herpin equivalence in temporal metamaterials characterized by step-like time variations of the constitutive parameters. We show that, at a given frequency, ...

The concentration of light to deep-subwavelength dimensions plays a key role in nanophotonics and has the potential to bring major breakthroughs in fields demanding to understand and initiate interaction on nanoscale dim...

Holography has emerged as a vital approach to fully engineer the wavefronts of light since its invention dating back to the last century. However, the typically large pixel size, small field of view and limited space-ban...

Optical phased arrays (OPAs) hold significant promise for low-cost, solid-state beam steering in LiDAR and free-space optical (FSO) communications. The field of view (FOV) is one of the key performance metrics in OPA for...

Light encodes information in multiple degrees of freedom (e.g., frequency, amplitude, and phase), enabling high-speed, high-bandwidth communication through fiber optics. Unlike classical light, quantum light (single or e...

The rapid development of optical technologies, such as optical manipulation, data processing, sensing, microscopy, and communications, necessitates new degrees of freedom to sculpt optical beams in space and time beyond ...

Recently there is an increasing interest in complex optical fields with spatially inhomogeneous state of polarizations and optical singularities. Novel effects and phenomena have been predicted and observed for...