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Abstract Background Working dogs exposed to narcotics might require reversal in the field. Objective To explore the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of naloxone administered intramuscularly (IM) or intranasall...

Abstract Background Bacterial sepsis is the leading cause of death in foals and is associated with hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenocortical axis (HPAA) dysfunction. HPAA function can be evaluated by an arginine‐vasopr...

Abstract Background Proton pump inhibitors can cause diarrhea and a transient increase in fecal dysbiosis index in dogs. It is unknown if concurrent probiotic administration mitigates these effects. Objective/Hypothesis ...

Abstract Background The addition of calcium to resuscitation fluids is a common practice in horses, but studies evaluating the effects of calcium supplementation are limited. In healthy horses, decreases in heart rate an...

Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known to prevent methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity and plays a role in various stages of METH addiction. However, there is a lack of research with longitu...