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Cylindrical vector beams with polarization singularities, transmission stability and turbulence resilient, are orthogonally structured light beams providing new degrees of freedom for multiplexing optical communications....

Skeletal malocclusion is caused by a disproportion of the maxilla and mandible, which leads to an unharmonious facial profile. Straight, convex, and concave soft tissue profiles may serve as a guide to determine the unde...

Abstract Background Circulating creatinine and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) are biomarkers of kidney function that have been used variously to define stable vs progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). Slope monitor...

The research on terahertz wave manipulation based on metasurfaces has gradually deepened, and the number of functions or electromagnetic control dimensions in a single device is constantly increasing. For the spatial dim...

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) have attracted significant interest in recent years due to their unique optical properties, such as infinite quality factor and wave localization. In order to improve the optical perf...

As a promising counterpart of two-dimensional metamaterials, metasurfaces enable to arbitrarily control the wavefront of light at subwavelength scale and hold promise for planar holography and applicable multiplexing dev...

The rapid development of optical technologies, such as optical manipulation, data processing, sensing, microscopy, and communications, necessitates new degrees of freedom to sculpt optical beams in space and time beyond ...

Abstract The friction judder characteristics during clutch engagement have a significant influence on the NVH of a driveline. In this research, the judder characteristics of automobile clutch friction materials and exper...