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Purpose — Understanding extreme downside risk is particularly important in emerging equity markets, where higher market volatility, lower liquidity, and weaker information environments make stock prices more vulnerable...

Abstract Background The ageing and growing population, rising cancer rate, and increased healthcare demand drive higher medical costs. Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into oncology revolutionizes cancer diagnosi...

This study aimed to compare reimbursement prices for new, innovative non-orphan drugs in Germany based on price negotiation and cost-effectiveness analysis, using the efficiency frontier (EF) approach and cost-utility an...

Enrico Torre,1 Sergio Di Matteo,2 Chiara Martinotti,2 Giacomo Matteo Bruno,3 Alessandro Cabrino,2 Emma Lucia Fogliati,2 Andrea Giusti,4 Marco Barbieri,5 Luigi Carlo Bottaro,6 Giorgio Lorenzo Colombo3 1Diabetology and Met...

This study examines time-varying volatility spillovers between global stock markets and major uncertainty indices using Diebold–Yilmaz (DY) and Baruník–Křehlík (BK) connectedness frameworks within a time-varying p...

Sharia compliance is a concept referring to adherence or conformity to the principles of Islamic law in various aspects of life, including economics, finance, business, and social matters. This research aims to analyze t...

This article examines how power, discourse, and law interact to drive escalation in the Israel–Iran rivalry. It asks under what conditions a claim of self-defence crosses into unlawful prevention. The framework combine...

Abstract Background Under pressures of health insurance cost containment and high-quality development, diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) and other case-based payment schemes have become a major direction of China’s inpat...

In public healthcare systems, effectiveness is a central requirement for determining which services should be offered and reimbursed. Yet, due to its technical nature and to the need for specification through specialised...

Modern technologies and digital channels of communication have a significant impact on public opinion and the dynamics of propaganda, because in modern armed conflicts and international affairs, the media do not have the...

BackgroundOpioid overdose remains a leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Existing approaches to identify individuals at elevated risk rely on imprecise rule-based criteria that misclassify patients’...

Introduction. The 2025 FDA approval of suzetrigine (Journavx) ended a 25-year stagnation in analgesic development. This introduced a paradigm shift in pain management. As a first-in-class, highly selective NaV1.8 sodium...