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Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major human pathogen that can survive to stress conditions, such as the acidic environment of inflammatory foci, and tolerates lethal pH through a mechanism known as the acid tolerance respo...

The potato periderm is the outer tissue of potato tubers that protects the tuber from pathogen attack, dehydration, and wounding during harvest and storage. It is of secondary origin and replaces the epidermis early duri...

ABSTRACT Cortisol is a steroid hormone, one of the glucocorticoids, made in the cortex of the adrenal glands and then released into the blood, which transports it in the entire body. Almost every cell contains receptors ...

Abstract Background Spaceflight introduces unique environmental stresses that challenge plant growth and development, necessitating an understanding of molecular responses to enable sustainable agriculture for long-durat...

Abstract Sarcopenia, the age-related muscle atrophy, is a serious concern as it is associated with frailty, reduced physical functions, and increased mortality risk. Protein supplementation is essential for preserving mu...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease around the world, with at least 40% global prevalence. Although genetic susceptibility contributes to disease risk...

BackgroundThe integrated stress response (ISR) can cause high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cells to arrest in G1 phase, significantly suppressing their hyperproliferation. Nevertheless, the specific molecular mech...

Abstract Background Excessive mechanical stress is a major cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Macrophages can sense physical signals, but their role in responding to mechanical stress within the disc to ma...

Primary human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) require microenvironments that reproduce various in vivo cues to maintain survival, differentiation, and function in vitro. In this study, we investigated how intestinal s...

Abstract Background Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is one of the common pathological subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, which poses significant treatment challenges due to poor response to conventional therapie...

Abstract Leuconostoc mesenteroides H40 (H40) was isolated from kimchi, and its probiotic properties and neuroprotective effect was evaluated in oxidatively stressed SH-SY5Y cells. H40 was stable in artificial gastric con...

Soil salinity can impair carbon fixation and ultimately decrease crop yield. To counteract this detrimental effect and maintain cellular homeostasis and productivity under stress, plants rely on metabolic and growth adap...

Abstract Current therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer (CRC) face significant limitations, including drug resistance, adverse effects, and high costs. Autocrine motility factor (AMF), the extracellular form of glu...

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a major post-transcriptional RNA modification, and the demethylase ALKBH5 has emerged as a versatile but highly context-dependent regulator of RNA fate. This review integrates current evidence...

Sequestosome 1/p62 (hereafter referred to as p62) is a multifunctional protein that orchestrates various cellular stress response pathways including autophagy, proteasome-mediated degradation, antioxidant defense, nutrie...

In different tissues hyperosmolarity induces cell differentiation. Nevertheless an exacerbated hyperosmolar stress alters the normal cellular development. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV-1) is a non-se...

Abstract Oxya chinensis sinuosa (OC) is a well-known edible insect. Several researches on the health benefits of OC consumption have been performed to date; however, their effect on eye health remains largely unknown. Th...

BackgroundAluminum (Al) is a lightweight metal that is widely present in the environment and the human body. It has been documented to cause various adverse health effects including the suppression of humoral immunity.Ob...

Abstract Accumulation of amyloid beta 1–42 (Aβ42) peptide in the extracellular space in the brain is a major observation in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)-related pathology. Astrocytes are known to play pivotal role in cl...

Abstract Background Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is linked to the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). The function of ERS-related genes (ERSRGs) in AS remains ambiguous, hence, this study sought to examined their ...

Abstract Background Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a key lipogenic enzyme implicated in tumor progression, but its regulation in DLBC...

Introduction and aims: Increasing evidence suggests that marginal zone B and B1 cell-specific protein (MZB1) plays crucial roles in inflammatory responses, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and cell survival, but its fu...

Introduction and aims: Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) play pivotal roles in the regeneration of pulp-dentin complex, yet their odontogenic differentiation is critically modulated by the inflammatory microenvironme...