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Abstract Liver fibrosis remains an unmet medical need with limited therapeutic options and high translational failure. Conventional two-dimensional stellate cell cultures and cytokine-induced organoids poorly recapitulat...

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most severe complications of diabetes. Animal models of DKD play a crucial role in elucidating disease pathogenesis, exploring therapeutic strategies, and developing pharmacolo...

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a complex multifactorial infectious disorder of the female reproductive tract, associated with severe long-term sequelae including infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic p...

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of free water MRI (FW-MRI) features for predicting amyloid-beta (Aβ) statuses in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by constructing diagnostic models using machine...

Heart disease is rapidly increasing. For early and accurate prediction, advanced machine learning (ML) models are needed. However, the sensitive nature of clinical data, along with strict regulatory constraints, creates ...

Abstract Using biomedical foundation models (FMs) for inference on small cohorts, represents a promising and practical route to advance drug response biomarker discovery and target identification. Here, we demonstrate th...

Abstract Background Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-2 (TREM2) signaling promotes disease-associated microglia (DAM) and phagocytosis in neurodegenerative diseases. Traditional anti-TREM2 agonist antibodies ...

Abstract Purpose This study introduces a new Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture, EyeDiagNet, for the classification of fundus images into four classes: normal, cataract, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glauco...

Oropouche fever, caused by Oropouche virus (OROV) and transmitted primarily by Culicoides midges, has historically been considered a neglected tropical disease characterized by an acute, self-limiting febrile illness and...

Silicosis is an occupational fibrotic lung disease representing a major public health crisis, and places a significant burden on patients and healthcare systems. There are no curative treatments for patients with silicos...

Introduction: This study aimed to identify dental pain using machine learning (ML) algorithms in Brazilian adolescents for public health screening purposes. Methods: Data from 2 cross-sectional waves of the Brazilian Nat...

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, early and accurate prediction is crucial for reducing both incidence and mortality rates. Aiming at the problems of insufficient feat...

Abstract Globally, shrimp aquaculture is a vital source of food, but disease outbreaks present serious economic challenges. Traditional diagnostic techniques, such as visual inspection and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)...

BackgroundTo explore the changes in various laboratory parameters in children with Kawasaki disease, analyze their correlations with complete and incomplete Kawasaki disease as well as coronary artery lesions and non-cor...

Plant disease diagnosis in field settings is challenged by subtle symptomology, high inter-class visual similarity, and class imbalance, making automated detection particularly difficult. While deep learning models achie...

Huangtao Ruan,1,2,* Xiaozhao Lu,2,3,* Huan Lu,2– 4,* Haozhang Huang,2,3,* Zuxian Huang,1,2 Shangyi Tang,2,3 Ziyao Yuan,2,5 Rengui Jiang,2,3,6 Jiazhen Xin,6 Tao Tang,6 Jin Liu,1,2 Yong Li...

Abstract To examine the association between cardiometabolic index (CMI), including baseline CMI and cumulative average CMI (CumCMI), and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Chinese middle-aged and older adults...

Abstract Background Chronic liver disease (CLD) and heart disease (HD) are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality. Although increasing evidence supports close interactions between the liver and heart, popul...

ABSTRACT Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) leads to severe renal cysts and progressive kidney dysfunction, with no approved treatments. The absence of such cystic phenotypes in Pkhd1−/− mice under...

Abstract Background Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is characterized by marked heterogeneity and an overall poor prognosis, with many patients experiencing rapid progression and high short-term mortality. Accurate early ...

Abstract Background Children with congenital and acquired heart disease (CAHD) are at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Traditional anticoagulants such as vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and low-molecular-weight h...

Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a major global health burden with limited precision for early risk assessment and stratification. This study aims to investigate circulating Metastasis-Associated Lung Ade...

Objectives: To comprehensively analyse the burden of five oral diseases in China, including caries of deciduous teeth, caries of permanent teeth, periodontal diseases, edentulism, and other oral disorders; compare their ...

Abstract Background Telomere length (TL), a biomarker of biological aging, but its association with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unclear. Methods We estimated TL in whole-genome sequencing data from 35,014 Alzheime...