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Vegetation optical depth (VOD), as a key parameter of vegetation, plays an important role in the process of vegetation growth and change. The spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) technolog...

Abstract This study explored the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions using natural clay as an adsorbent. The effects of contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, and pH were systemat...

Abstract The exploration of the surrounding world and the universe is an important theme in the legacy of humankind. The detection of gravitational waves is adding a new dimension to this grand effort. What are the funda...

Abstract Accurate prediction of terrestrial water cycle variables like soil moisture (SM) and evapotranspiration (ET) is crucial, yet existing Deep Learning (DL) models face limitations. Many adopt Single-Task Learning (...

Abstract Physical sciences are essential to the predictive modeling of complex environmental systems, particularly environmental monitoring and sustainability applications, as they provide the deterministic foundation re...

Abstract Large language models are beginning to appear in civil engineering practice, yet their advice often reflects generalized narratives rather than local evidence. This perspective introduces a governance audit fram...

Abstract We initiate a systematic study of fragmentation energy correlators (FECs), which generalize traditional fragmentation functions and encode non-perturbative information about transverse dynamics in parton fragmen...

Abstract When two non-relativistic particles interact resonantly in three dimensions, an infinite tower of three-body bound states emerges, exhibiting a discrete scale invariance. This universal phenomenon, known as the ...

Many astrophysical simulations involve extreme dynamic range of timescales around 'special points' in the domain (e.g. black holes, stars, planets, disks, galaxies, shocks, mixing interfaces), where processes on small sc...

Wildfires are natural hazards that threaten ecosystems, communities, and economies, and they have shown a significant increase in frequency and intensity in recent years. Accurate wildfire spread prediction is critical f...

Abstract Accurate estimation of ground motion at the surface is fundamental to seismic hazard assessment and resilient infrastructure design. The Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) 2020 provides generalized seismic...

Driven by satellite remote sensing observations, deep learning models provide a promising solution for the rapid estimation of subsurface thermohaline structures. By learning from large-scale paired surface–subsur...

This review addresses the urgent need for scalable, accurate, and reproducible remote sensing solutions following the February 2023 Türkiye earthquakes. It synthesizes the contributions of five peer-reviewed studi...

Infrared dim and small target detection is crucial in fields, such as military reconnaissance and remote sensing. However, due to the extremely small target size, lack of texture, and low signal-to-noise ratio, the direc...

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS), particularly using image-level labels, has emerged as a pivotal solution to alleviate the burden of costly and labor-intensive pixel-level annotations typically required fo...