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IntroductionDown syndrome (DS) is associated with increased infections and immune dysregulation, yet contemporary large-scale United States (U.S.) data quantifying immune diagnoses, infection burden, and immunoglobulin (...

Abstract Background Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is a severe, systemic inflammatory dermatosis. While kidney involvement is rare, the massive cytokine release associated with EP can induce systemic complications. We repo...

Transposable elements (TEs) make up almost half of the human genome and are among its most densely methylated regions. Their epigenetic silencing is crucial for genomic stability and immune homeostasis, and accumulating ...

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play pivotal roles in ovarian cancer pathogenesis, with poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) serving as a key regulator of DNA repair, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance. Be...

Abstract Background The efficacy of conventional αβ T cell-based immunotherapies is often limited by tumor immune evasion. γδ T cells can bypass these limitations through MHC-independent tumor recognition, but their ...

The recognition of disorders of immune dysregulation, particularly those presenting with lymphoproliferation and systemic autoimmunity (International Union of Immunological Societies [IUIS] Group 4.6), has markedly incre...

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are increasing in number, and prompt recognition and diagnosis remain a challenge for clinicians. Use of machine learning (ML) for clinical pattern recognition is promising but has been li...

BackgroundPediatric utilization of rituximab encompasses autoimmune, renal, hematologic, and neurologic conditions. Its association with secondary hypogammaglobulinemia and unmasking of inborn errors of immunity is well ...

BackgroundB cell Expansion with NF-κB Activation and T cell Anergy (BENTA) disease is a rare inborn error of immunity caused by gain-of-function (GOF) variants in CARD11. It is characterized by early-onset lymphadenopat...

IntroductionNeutrophils, the most abundant leukocyte population, play a central role in host defense against group B Streptococcus (GBS), an encapsulated bacterium that frequently causes severe infections in humans, incl...

Guangjian Wang,1,* Zhimao Li,2,* Xinyue Zhao,1 Xiaoru Wang,3 Hui Lian,1 Yecheng Liu2 1Department of Health Care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Uni...

LPS-responsive beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) deficiency is a primary immunodeficiency belonging to the spectrum of common variable immunodeficiency disorders, frequently associated with immune dysregulation, autoimmun...

BET inhibitors (BETi) have shown potential to augment tumor immunogenicity in melanoma. However, conflicting evidence exists regarding their precise mechanism of action, and their overall impact on melanoma immunogenicit...

Ageing is a complex biological process marked by gradual functional decline, reduced cellular resilience, and increased vulnerability to chronic diseases. Maintaining cell health has become a crucial strategy for extendi...

BackgroundPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare ulcerative neutrophilic dermatosis that can be associated with primary immunodeficiencies. Its pathogenesis is incompletely understood, but it has been increasingly reported ...

BackgroundSolid organ transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage organ diseases, including renal, hepatic, cardiac, and pulmonary failure (1). Long-term graft survival depends on sustained immunosuppression;...

Dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive combined immunodeficiency marked by severe atopy, recurrent viral and bacterial infections, high immunoglobulin E, eosinophilia, and lymphopenia...

BackgroundInterleukin-2–inducible T cell kinase (ITK) deficiency classically presents with EBV-driven lymphoproliferation and lymphoma, but emerging data suggest broader phenotypes of immune dysregulation. The pathogen...

Abstract The growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens highlights the urgent need for therapeutic strategies that complement traditional antibiotics by targeting essential virulence pathways. Glyc...

Pregnancy is accompanied by complex physiological adaptations that influence hepatic metabolism, bile transport, coagulation, and immune tolerance, which may precipitate the development of pregnancy-specific liver disord...

BackgroundAsthma is traditionally conceptualized as a T helper 2 (Th2)-mediated inflammatory airway disease. However, increasing evidence suggests that primary immune dysregulation may underlie or phenotypically mimic as...

Abstract Introduction and objectives Perindopril-induced thrombocytopenia is a rare but potentially serious adverse drug reaction. It remains underrecognized in clinical practice, particularly in elderly patients with ca...

The rhizosphere is one of the most dynamic biological environments on Earth. Within this narrow zone surrounding plant roots, plants interact constantly with diverse communities of microorganisms including bacteria, fung...

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus skin infections represent a persistent clinical challenge owing to their high pathogenicity, multidrug resistance, and biofilm-associated recurrence, which collectively impair an...